Apparatus, system and method of beamforming and beam tracking

ABSTRACT

For example, a first Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) station (STA) may be configured to exchange first and second Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) setup frames with a second EDMG STA to initiate a BRP Transmit Sector Sweep (TXSS) over an aggregated channel bandwidth including an aggregation of a primary channel and a secondary channel in a frequency band above 45 GHz; during the BRP TXSS, transmit a plurality of BRP frames to the second EDMG STA over the primary channel and the secondary channel according to an EDMG control mode; determine a transmit beamforming configuration over the aggregated channel bandwidth based on BRP feedback from the second EDMG STA; and transmit an EDMG Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to the second EDMG STA over the aggregated channel bandwidth based on the transmit beamforming configuration.

CROSS REFERENCE

This application claims the benefit of and priority from U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 62/596,619 entitled “Beam TrackingUsing Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit Packets”, filed Dec. 8, 2017,and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/596,622 entitled“Beamforming Training For Carrier Aggregation”, filed Dec. 8, 2017, theentire disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments described herein generally relate to beamforming and beamtracking.

BACKGROUND

A wireless communication network in a millimeter-wave band may providehigh-speed data access for users of wireless communication devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in thefigures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, thedimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to otherelements for clarity of presentation. Furthermore, reference numeralsmay be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogouselements. The figures are listed below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustration of a system, inaccordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an Enhanced DirectionalMulti-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) format,which may be implemented in accordance with some demonstrativeembodiments.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP)Transmit Sector Sweep (TXSS) protocol, which may be implemented inaccordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an EDMG BRP packet transmissionover a primary channel and a secondary channel of an aggregated channelbandwidth, which may be implemented in accordance with somedemonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a Sector Level Sweep (SLS)protocol, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of beamformingtraining, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of an SLS, inaccordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of beamtracking, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 9 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of beamtracking, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a product of manufacture, inaccordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are setforth in order to provide a thorough understanding of some embodiments.However, it will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the artthat some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, unitsand/or circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscurethe discussion.

Discussions herein utilizing terms such as, for example, “processing”,“computing”, “calculating”, “determining”, “establishing”, “analyzing”,“checking”, or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) ofa computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or otherelectronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform datarepresented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within thecomputer's registers and/or memories into other data similarlyrepresented as physical quantities within the computer's registersand/or memories or other information storage medium that may storeinstructions to perform operations and/or processes.

The terms “plurality” and “a plurality”, as used herein, include, forexample, “multiple” or “two or more”. For example, “a plurality ofitems” includes two or more items.

References to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “demonstrativeembodiment”, “various embodiments” etc., indicate that the embodiment(s)so described may include a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes theparticular feature, structure, or characteristic. Further, repeated useof the phrase “in one embodiment” does not necessarily refer to the sameembodiment, although it may.

As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinaladjectives “first”, “second”, “third” etc., to describe a common object,merely indicate that different instances of like objects are beingreferred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so describedmust be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking,or in any other manner.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with various devices andsystems, for example, a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Device (MD), awireless station (STA), a Personal Computer (PC), a desktop computer, amobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tabletcomputer, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, awearable device, a sensor device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, aPersonal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, anon-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device, a vehiculardevice, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a consumerdevice, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a wireless communicationstation, a wireless communication device, a wireless Access Point (AP),a wired or wireless router, a wired or wireless modem, a video device,an audio device, an audio-video (A/V) device, a wired or wirelessnetwork, a wireless area network, a Wireless Video Area Network (WVAN),a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wireless LAN (WLAN), a Personal AreaNetwork (PAN), a Wireless PAN (WPAN), and the like.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with devices and/or networksoperating in accordance with existing IEEE 802.11 standards (includingIEEE 802.11-2016 (IEEE 802.11-2016, IEEE Standard for Informationtechnology—Telecommunications and information exchange between systemsLocal and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements Part 11:Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)Specifications, Dec. 7, 2016); and/or IEEE 802.11ay (P802.11ay/D2.0Draft Standard for Information Technology—Telecommunications andInformation Exchange Between Systems—Local and Metropolitan AreaNetworks—Specific Requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium AccessControl (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications-Amendment 7:Enhanced Throughput for Operation in License-Exempt Bands Above 45 GHz,July 2018)) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devicesand/or networks operating in accordance with existing WFA Peer-to-Peer(P2P) specifications (WiFi P2P technical specification, version 1.7,Jul. 6, 2016) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devicesand/or networks operating in accordance with existingWireless-Gigabit-Alliance (WGA) specifications (including WirelessGigabit Alliance, Inc WiGig MAC and PHY Specification Version 1.1, April2011, Final specification) and/or future versions and/or derivativesthereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existingcellular specifications and/or protocols, e.g., 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or futureversions and/or derivatives thereof, units and/or devices which are partof the above networks, and the like.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one way and/or two-wayradio communication systems, cellular radio-telephone communicationsystems, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a wireless telephone, aPersonal Communication Systems (PCS) device, a PDA device whichincorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portableGlobal Positioning System (GPS) device, a device which incorporates aGPS receiver or transceiver or chip, a device which incorporates an RFIDelement or chip, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transceiver ordevice, a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) transceiver or device, aMultiple Input Single Output (MISO) transceiver or device, a devicehaving one or more internal antennas and/or external antennas, DigitalVideo Broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi-standard radio devicesor systems, a wired or wireless handheld device, e.g., a Smartphone, aWireless Application Protocol (WAP) device, or the like.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more types ofwireless communication signals and/or systems, for example, RadioFrequency (RF), Infra Red (IR), Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM),Orthogonal FDM (OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access(OFDMA), FDM Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), Time-Division MultipleAccess (TDMA), Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO), Spatial Division MultipleAccess (SDMA), Extended TDMA (E-TDMA), General Packet Radio Service(GPRS), extended GPRS, Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), WidebandCDMA (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single-carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA,Multi-Carrier Modulation (MDM), Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT), Bluetooth®,Global Positioning System (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee™, Ultra-Wideband(UWB), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G,4G, Fifth Generation (5G), or Sixth Generation (6G) mobile networks,3GPP, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE advanced, Enhanced Data rates forGSM Evolution (EDGE), or the like. Other embodiments may be used invarious other devices, systems and/or networks.

The term “wireless device”, as used herein, includes, for example, adevice capable of wireless communication, a communication device capableof wireless communication, a communication station capable of wirelesscommunication, a portable or non-portable device capable of wirelesscommunication, or the like. In some demonstrative embodiments, awireless device may be or may include a peripheral that may beintegrated with a computer, or a peripheral that may be attached to acomputer. In some demonstrative embodiments, the term “wireless device”may optionally include a wireless service.

The term “communicating” as used herein with respect to a communicationsignal includes transmitting the communication signal and/or receivingthe communication signal. For example, a communication unit, which iscapable of communicating a communication signal, may include atransmitter to transmit the communication signal to at least one othercommunication unit, and/or a communication receiver to receive thecommunication signal from at least one other communication unit. Theverb communicating may be used to refer to the action of transmitting orthe action of receiving. In one example, the phrase “communicating asignal” may refer to the action of transmitting the signal by a firstdevice, and may not necessarily include the action of receiving thesignal by a second device. In another example, the phrase “communicatinga signal” may refer to the action of receiving the signal by a firstdevice, and may not necessarily include the action of transmitting thesignal by a second device. The communication signal may be transmittedand/or received, for example, in the form of Radio Frequency (RF)communication signals, and/or any other type of signal.

As used herein, the term “circuitry” may refer to, be part of, orinclude, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), anintegrated circuit, an electronic circuit, a processor (shared,dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or group), thatexecute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logiccircuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide thedescribed functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry may beimplemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry may beimplemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In someembodiments, circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable inhardware.

The term “logic” may refer, for example, to computing logic embedded incircuitry of a computing apparatus and/or computing logic stored in amemory of a computing apparatus. For example, the logic may beaccessible by a processor of the computing apparatus to execute thecomputing logic to perform computing functions and/or operations. In oneexample, logic may be embedded in various types of memory and/orfirmware, e.g., silicon blocks of various chips and/or processors. Logicmay be included in, and/or implemented as part of, various circuitry,e.g. radio circuitry, receiver circuitry, control circuitry, transmittercircuitry, transceiver circuitry, processor circuitry, and/or the like.In one example, logic may be embedded in volatile memory and/ornon-volatile memory, including random access memory, read only memory,programmable memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, persistent memory,and the like. Logic may be executed by one or more processors usingmemory, e.g., registers, stuck, buffers, and/or the like, coupled to theone or more processors, e.g., as necessary to execute the logic.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with a WLAN,e.g., a WiFi network. Other embodiments may be used in conjunction withany other suitable wireless communication network, for example, awireless area network, a “piconet”, a WPAN, a WVAN and the like.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with awireless communication network communicating over a frequency band above45 Gigahertz (GHz), e.g., 60 GHz. However, other embodiments may beimplemented utilizing any other suitable wireless communicationfrequency bands, for example, an Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band(the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band), e.g., a frequency bandwithin the frequency band of between 20 Ghz and 300 GHz, a frequencyband above 45 GHz, a 5G frequency band, a frequency band below 20 GHz,e.g., a Sub 1 GHz (S1G) band, a 2.4 GHz band, a 5 GHz band, a WLANfrequency band, a WPAN frequency band, a frequency band according to theWGA specification, and the like.

The term “antenna”, as used herein, may include any suitableconfiguration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antennaelements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. In someembodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receivefunctionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. Insome embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receivefunctionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receiveelements. The antenna may include, for example, a phased array antenna,a single element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or thelike.

The phrases “directional multi-gigabit (DMG)” and “directional band”(DBand), as used herein, may relate to a frequency band wherein theChannel starting frequency is above 45 GHz. In one example, DMGcommunications may involve one or more directional links to communicateat a rate of multiple gigabits per second, for example, at least 1Gigabit per second, e.g., at least 7 Gigabit per second, at least 30Gigabit per second, or any other rate.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented by a DMG STA (alsoreferred to as a “mmWave STA (mSTA)”), which may include for example, aSTA having a radio transmitter, which is capable of operating on achannel that is within the DMG band. The DMG STA may perform otheradditional or alternative functionality. Other embodiments may beimplemented by any other apparatus, device and/or station.

Reference is made to FIG. 1, which schematically illustrates a system100, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 mayinclude one or more wireless communication devices. For example, system100 may include a wireless communication device 102, a wirelesscommunication device 140, and/or one more other devices.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may include amobile device or a non-mobile, e.g., a static, device.

For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may include, for example, a UE, anMD, a STA, an AP, a PC, a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptopcomputer, an Ultrabook™ computer, a notebook computer, a tabletcomputer, a server computer, a handheld computer, an Internet of Things(IoT) device, a sensor device, a handheld device, a wearable device, aPDA device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-boarddevice, a hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionalitieswith PDA device functionalities), a consumer device, a vehicular device,a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a non-mobile ornon-portable device, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a PCS device,a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, amobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively smallcomputing device, a non-desktop computer, a “Carry Small Live Large”(CSLL) device, an Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC),a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an “Origami” device or computing device,a device that supports Dynamically Composable Computing (DCC), acontext-aware device, a video device, an audio device, an A/V device, aSet-Top-Box (STB), a Blu-ray disc (BD) player, a BD recorder, a DigitalVideo Disc (DVD) player, a High Definition (HD) DVD player, a DVDrecorder, a HD DVD recorder, a Personal Video Recorder (PVR), abroadcast HD receiver, a video source, an audio source, a video sink, anaudio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast radio receiver, a flat paneldisplay, a Personal Media Player (PMP), a digital video camera (DVC), adigital audio player, a speaker, an audio receiver, an audio amplifier,a gaming device, a data source, a data sink, a Digital Still camera(DSC), a media player, a Smartphone, a television, a music player, orthe like.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include, for example,one or more of a processor 191, an input unit 192, an output unit 193, amemory unit 194, and/or a storage unit 195; and/or device 140 mayinclude, for example, one or more of a processor 181, an input unit 182,an output unit 183, a memory unit 184, and/or a storage unit 185.Devices 102 and/or 140 may optionally include other suitable hardwarecomponents and/or software components. In some demonstrativeembodiments, some or all of the components of one or more of devices 102and/or 140 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may beinterconnected or operably associated using one or more wired orwireless links. In other embodiments, components of one or more ofdevices 102 and/or 140 may be distributed among multiple or separatedevices.

In some demonstrative embodiments, processor 191 and/or processor 181may include, for example, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a DigitalSignal Processor (DSP), one or more processor cores, a single-coreprocessor, a dual-core processor, a multiple-core processor, amicroprocessor, a host processor, a controller, a plurality ofprocessors or controllers, a chip, a microchip, one or more circuits,circuitry, a logic unit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), anApplication-Specific IC (ASIC), or any other suitable multi-purpose orspecific processor or controller. Processor 191 may executeinstructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of device 102and/or of one or more suitable applications. Processor 181 may executeinstructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of device 140and/or of one or more suitable applications.

In some demonstrative embodiments, input unit 192 and/or input unit 182may include, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch-screen,a touch-pad, a track-ball, a stylus, a microphone, or other suitablepointing device or input device. Output unit 193 and/or output unit 183may include, for example, a monitor, a screen, a touch-screen, a flatpanel display, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display unit, a LiquidCrystal Display (LCD) display unit, a plasma display unit, one or moreaudio speakers or earphones, or other suitable output devices.

In some demonstrative embodiments, memory unit 194 and/or memory unit184 includes, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read OnlyMemory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a flashmemory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, abuffer, a short term memory unit, a long term memory unit, or othersuitable memory units. Storage unit 195 and/or storage unit 185 mayinclude, for example, a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a CompactDisk (CD) drive, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD drive, or other suitableremovable or non-removable storage units. Memory unit 194 and/or storageunit 195, for example, may store data processed by device 102. Memoryunit 184 and/or storage unit 185, for example, may store data processedby device 140.

In some demonstrative embodiments, wireless communication devices 102and/or 140 may be capable of communicating content, data, informationand/or signals via a wireless medium (WM) 103. In some demonstrativeembodiments, wireless medium 103 may include, for example, a radiochannel, a cellular channel, an RF channel, a WiFi channel, a 5Gchannel, an IR channel, a Bluetooth (BT) channel, a Global NavigationSatellite System (GNSS) Channel, and the like.

In some demonstrative embodiments, WM 103 may include one or moredirectional bands and/or channels. For example, WM 103 may include oneor more millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communication bands and/orchannels.

In some demonstrative embodiments, WM 103 may include one or more DMGchannels. In other embodiments WM 103 may include any other directionalchannels.

In other embodiments, WM 103 may include any other type of channel overany other frequency band.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 mayinclude one or more radios including circuitry and/or logic to performwireless communication between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more otherwireless communication devices. For example, device 102 may include atleast one radio 114, and/or device 140 may include at least one radio144.

In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144 mayinclude one or more wireless receivers (Rx) including circuitry and/orlogic to receive wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames,blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/ordata. For example, radio 114 may include at least one receiver 116,and/or radio 144 may include at least one receiver 146.

In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144 mayinclude one or more wireless transmitters (Tx) including circuitryand/or logic to transmit wireless communication signals, RF signals,frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items,and/or data. For example, radio 114 may include at least one transmitter118, and/or radio 144 may include at least one transmitter 148.

In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144,transmitters 118 and/or 148, and/or receivers 116 and/or 146 may includecircuitry; logic; Radio Frequency (RF) elements, circuitry and/or logic;baseband elements, circuitry and/or logic; modulation elements,circuitry and/or logic; demodulation elements, circuitry and/or logic;amplifiers; analog to digital and/or digital to analog converters;filters; and/or the like. For example, radio 114 and/or radio 144 mayinclude or may be implemented as part of a wireless Network InterfaceCard (NIC), and the like.

In some demonstrative embodiments, radios 114 and/or 144 may beconfigured to communicate over a directional band, for example, anmmWave band, a 5G band, and/or any other band, for example, a 2.4 GHzband, a 5 GHz band, a S1G band, and/or any other band.

In some demonstrative embodiments, radios 114 and/or 144 may include, ormay be associated with one or more, e.g., a plurality of, directionalantennas.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include one or more,e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas 107, and/or device 140 mayinclude on or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas 147.

Antennas 107 and/or 147 may include any type of antennas suitable fortransmitting and/or receiving wireless communication signals, blocks,frames, transmission streams, packets, messages and/or data. Forexample, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include any suitable configuration,structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements,components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. Antennas 107 and/or 147 mayinclude, for example, antennas suitable for directional communication,e.g., using beamforming techniques. For example, antennas 107 and/or 147may include a phased array antenna, a multiple element antenna, a set ofswitched beam antennas, and/or the like. In some embodiments, antennas107 and/or 147 may implement transmit and receive functionalities usingseparate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments,antennas 107 and/or 147 may implement transmit and receivefunctionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receiveelements.

In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may includedirectional antennas, which may be steered to one or more beamdirections. For example, antennas 107 may be steered to one or more beamdirections 135, and/or antennas 147 may be steered to one or more beamdirections 145.

In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may includeand/or may be implemented as part of a single Phased Antenna Array(PAA).

In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may beimplemented as part of a plurality of PAAs, for example, as a pluralityof physically independent PAAs.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a PAA may include, for example, arectangular geometry, e.g., including an integer number, denoted M, ofrows, and an integer number, denoted N, of columns. In otherembodiments, any other types of antennas and/or antenna arrays may beused.

In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or antennas 147 maybe connected to, and/or associated with, one or more Radio Frequency(RF) chains.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include one or more,e.g., a plurality of, RF chains 109 connected to, and/or associatedwith, antennas 107.

In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more of RF chains 109 may beincluded as part of, and/or implemented as part of one or more elementsof radio 114, e.g., as part of transmitter 118 and/or receiver 116.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may include one or more,e.g., a plurality of, RF chains 149 connected to, and/or associatedwith, antennas 147.

In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more of RF chains 149 may beincluded as part of, and/or implemented as part of one or more elementsof radio 144, e.g., as part of transmitter 148 and/or receiver 146.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include a controller124, and/or device 140 may include a controller 154. Controller 124 maybe configured to perform and/or to trigger, cause, instruct and/orcontrol device 102 to perform, one or more communications, to generateand/or communicate one or more messages and/or transmissions, and/or toperform one or more functionalities, operations and/or proceduresbetween devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other devices; and/orcontroller 154 may be configured to perform, and/or to trigger, cause,instruct and/or control device 140 to perform, one or morecommunications, to generate and/or communicate one or more messagesand/or transmissions, and/or to perform one or more functionalities,operations and/or procedures between devices 102, 140 and/or one or moreother devices, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controllers 124 and/or 154 mayinclude, or may be implemented, partially or entirely, by circuitryand/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/orlogic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC)circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic,baseband (BB) circuitry and/or logic, a BB processor, a BB memory,Application Processor (AP) circuitry and/or logic, an AP processor, anAP memory, and/or any other circuitry and/or logic, configured toperform the functionality of controllers 124 and/or 154, respectively.Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities ofcontrollers 124 and/or 154 may be implemented by logic, which may beexecuted by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as describedbelow.

In one example, controller 124 may include circuitry and/or logic, forexample, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, tocause, trigger and/or control a wireless device, e.g., device 102,and/or a wireless station, e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device102, to perform one or more operations, communications and/orfunctionalities, e.g., as described herein. In one example, controller124 may include at least one memory, e.g., coupled to the one or moreprocessors, which may be configured, for example, to store, e.g., atleast temporarily, at least some of the information processed by the oneor more processors and/or circuitry, and/or which may be configured tostore logic to be utilized by the processors and/or circuitry.

In one example, controller 154 may include circuitry and/or logic, forexample, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, tocause, trigger and/or control a wireless device, e.g., device 140,and/or a wireless station, e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device140, to perform one or more operations, communications and/orfunctionalities, e.g., as described herein. In one example, controller154 may include at least one memory, e.g., coupled to the one or moreprocessors, which may be configured, for example, to store, e.g., atleast temporarily, at least some of the information processed by the oneor more processors and/or circuitry, and/or which may be configured tostore logic to be utilized by the processors and/or circuitry.

In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality ofcontroller 124 may be implemented as part of one or more elements ofradio 114, and/or at least part of the functionality of controller 154may be implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 144.

In other embodiments, the functionality of controller 124 may beimplemented as part of any other element of device 102, and/or thefunctionality of controller 154 may be implemented as part of any otherelement of device 140.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include a messageprocessor 128 configured to generate, process and/or access one ormessages communicated by device 102.

In one example, message processor 128 may be configured to generate oneor more messages to be transmitted by device 102, and/or messageprocessor 128 may be configured to access and/or to process one or moremessages received by device 102, e.g., as described below.

In one example, message processor 128 may include at least one firstcomponent configured to generate a message, for example, in the form ofa frame, field, information element and/or protocol data unit, forexample, a MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU); at least one second componentconfigured to convert the message into a PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU),for example, by processing the message generated by the at least onefirst component, e.g., by encoding the message, modulating the messageand/or performing any other additional or alternative processing of themessage; and/or at least one third component configured to causetransmission of the message over a wireless communication medium, e.g.,over a wireless communication channel in a wireless communicationfrequency band, for example, by applying to one or more fields of thePPDU one or more transmit waveforms. In other embodiments, messageprocessor 128 may be configured to perform any other additional oralternative functionality and/or may include any other additional oralternative components to generate and/or process a message to betransmitted.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may include a messageprocessor 158 configured to generate, process and/or access one ormessages communicated by device 140.

In one example, message processor 158 may be configured to generate oneor more messages to be transmitted by device 140, and/or messageprocessor 158 may be configured to access and/or to process one or moremessages received by device 140, e.g., as described below.

In one example, message processor 158 may include at least one firstcomponent configured to generate a message, for example, in the form ofa frame, field, information element and/or protocol data unit, forexample, a MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU); at least one second componentconfigured to convert the message into a PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU),for example, by processing the message generated by the at least onefirst component, e.g., by encoding the message, modulating the messageand/or performing any other additional or alternative processing of themessage; and/or at least one third component configured to causetransmission of the message over a wireless communication medium, e.g.,over a wireless communication channel in a wireless communicationfrequency band, for example, by applying to one or more fields of thePPDU one or more transmit waveforms. In other embodiments, messageprocessor 158 may be configured to perform any other additional oralternative functionality and/or may include any other additional oralternative components to generate and/or process a message to betransmitted.

In some demonstrative embodiments, message processors 128 and/or 158 mayinclude, or may be implemented, partially or entirely, by circuitryand/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/orlogic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC)circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic, BBcircuitry and/or logic, a BB processor, a BB memory, AP circuitry and/orlogic, an AP processor, an AP memory, and/or any other circuitry and/orlogic, configured to perform the functionality of message processors 128and/or 158, respectively. Additionally or alternatively, one or morefunctionalities of message processors 128 and/or 158 may be implementedby logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or moreprocessors, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality ofmessage processor 128 may be implemented as part of radio 114, and/or atleast part of the functionality of message processor 158 may beimplemented as part of radio 144.

In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality ofmessage processor 128 may be implemented as part of controller 124,and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 158 maybe implemented as part of controller 154.

In other embodiments, the functionality of message processor 128 may beimplemented as part of any other element of device 102, and/or thefunctionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of anyother element of device 140.

In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality ofcontroller 124 and/or message processor 128 may be implemented by anintegrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC).In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or morefunctionalities of radio 114. For example, the chip or SoC may includeone or more elements of controller 124, one or more elements of messageprocessor 128, and/or one or more elements of radio 114. In one example,controller 124, message processor 128, and radio 114 may be implementedas part of the chip or SoC.

In other embodiments, controller 124, message processor 128 and/or radio114 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elementsof device 102.

In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality ofcontroller 154 and/or message processor 158 may be implemented by anintegrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC).In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or morefunctionalities of radio 144. For example, the chip or SoC may includeone or more elements of controller 154, one or more elements of messageprocessor 158, and/or one or more elements of radio 144. In one example,controller 154, message processor 158, and radio 144 may be implementedas part of the chip or SoC.

In other embodiments, controller 154, message processor 158 and/or radio144 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elementsof device 140.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 mayinclude, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or morefunctionalities of, one or more STAs. For example, device 102 mayinclude at least one STA, and/or device 140 may include at least oneSTA.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 mayinclude, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or morefunctionalities of, one or more DMG STAs. For example, device 102 mayinclude, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or morefunctionalities of, at least one DMG STA, and/or device 140 may include,operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or morefunctionalities of, at least one DMG STA.

In other embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may include, operate as,perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, anyother wireless device and/or station, e.g., a WLAN STA, a WiFi STA, andthe like.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or morefunctionalities of, an access point (AP), e.g., a DMG AP, and/or apersonal basic service set (PBSS) control point (PCP), e.g., a DMG PCP,for example, an AP/PCP STA, e.g., a DMG AP/PCP STA.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured to operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one ormore functionalities of, a non-AP STA, e.g., a DMG non-AP STA, and/or anon-PCP STA, e.g., a DMG non-PCP STA, for example, a non-AP/PCP STA,e.g., a DMG non-AP/PCP STA.

In other embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may operate as,perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, anyother additional or alternative device and/or station.

In one example, a station (STA) may include a logical entity that is asingly addressable instance of a medium access control (MAC) andphysical layer (PHY) interface to the wireless medium (WM). The STA mayperform any other additional or alternative functionality.

In one example, an AP may include an entity that contains a station(STA), e.g., one STA, and provides access to distribution services, viathe wireless medium (WM) for associated STAs. The AP may perform anyother additional or alternative functionality.

In one example, a personal basic service set (PBSS) control point (PCP)may include an entity that contains a STA, e.g., one station (STA), andcoordinates access to the wireless medium (WM) by STAs that are membersof a PBSS. The PCP may perform any other additional or alternativefunctionality.

In one example, a PBSS may include a directional multi-gigabit (DMG)basic service set (BSS) that includes, for example, one PBSS controlpoint (PCP). For example, access to a distribution system (DS) may notbe present, but, for example, an intra-PBSS forwarding service mayoptionally be present.

In one example, a PCP/AP STA may include a station (STA) that is atleast one of a PCP or an AP. The PCP/AP STA may perform any otheradditional or alternative functionality.

In one example, a non-AP STA may include a STA that is not containedwithin an AP. The non-AP STA may perform any other additional oralternative functionality.

In one example, a non-PCP STA may include a STA that is not a PCP. Thenon-PCP STA may perform any other additional or alternativefunctionality.

In one example, a non PCP/AP STA may include a STA that is not a PCP andthat is not an AP. The non-PCP/AP STA may perform any other additionalor alternative functionality.

In some demonstrative embodiments devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to communicate over a Next Generation 60 GHz (NG60) network,an Enhanced DMG (EDMG) network, and/or any other network. For example,devices 102 and/or 140 may perform Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO)communication, for example, for communicating over the NG60 and/or EDMGnetworks, e.g., over an NG60 or an EDMG frequency band.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to operate in accordance with one or more Specifications, forexample, including one or more IEEE 802.11 Specifications, e.g., an IEEE802.11-2016 Specification, an IEEE 802.11ay Specification, and/or anyother specification and/or protocol.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented, for example, as partof a new standard in an mmWave band, e.g., a 60 GHz frequency band orany other directional band, for example, as an evolution of an IEEE802.11-2016 Specification and/or an IEEE 802.11ad Specification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured according to one or more standards, for example, inaccordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Standard, which may be, for example,configured to enhance the efficiency and/or performance of an IEEE802.11ad Specification, which may be configured to provide Wi-Ficonnectivity in a 60 GHz band.

Some demonstrative embodiments may enable, for example, to significantlyincrease the data transmission rates defined in the IEEE 802.11adSpecification, for example, from 7 Gigabit per second (Gbps), e.g., upto 30 Gbps, or to any other data rate, which may, for example, satisfygrowing demand in network capacity for new coming applications.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented, for example, to allowincreasing a transmission data rate, for example, by applying MIMOand/or channel bonding techniques.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to communicate MIMO communications over the mmWave wirelesscommunication band.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured to support one or more mechanisms and/or features, forexample, channel bonding, Single User (SU) MIMO, and/or Multi-User (MU)MIMO, for example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Standard and/orany other standard and/or protocol.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 mayinclude, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionalityof, one or more EDMG STAs. For example, device 102 may include, operateas, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, at least oneEDMG STA, and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform a role of,and/or perform the functionality of, at least one EDMG STA.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may implementa communication scheme, which may include Physical layer (PHY) and/orMedia Access Control (MAC) layer schemes, for example, to support one ormore applications, and/or increased transmission data rates, e.g., datarates of up to 30 Gbps, or any other data rate.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the PHY and/or MAC layer schemes maybe configured to support frequency channel bonding over a mmWave band,e.g., over a 60 GHz band, SU MIMO techniques, and/or MU MIMO techniques.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more mechanisms, which may be configuredto enable SU and/or MU communication of Downlink (DL) and/or Uplinkframes (UL) using a MIMO scheme.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more MU communication mechanisms. Forexample, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one ormore MU mechanisms, which may be configured to enable MU communicationof DL frames using a MIMO scheme, for example, between a device, e.g.,device 102, and a plurality of devices, e.g., including device 140and/or one or more other devices.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to communicate over an NG60 network, an EDMG network, and/orany other network and/or any other frequency band. For example, devices102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate DL MIMO transmissionsand/or UL MIMO transmissions, for example, for communicating over theNG60 and/or EDMG networks.

Some wireless communication Specifications, for example, the IEEE802.11ad-2012 Specification, may be configured to support a SU system,in which a STA may transmit frames to a single STA at a time. SuchSpecifications may not be able, for example, to support a STAtransmitting to multiple STAs simultaneously, for example, using aMU-MIMO scheme, e.g., a DL MU-MIMO, or any other MU scheme.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to communicate over a channel bandwidth, e.g., of at least2.16 GHz, in a frequency band above 45 GHz.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more mechanisms, which may, for example,enable to extend a single-channel BW scheme, e.g., a scheme inaccordance with the IEEE 802.11ad Specification or any other scheme, forhigher data rates and/or increased capabilities, e.g., as describedbelow.

In one example, the single-channel BW scheme may include communicationover a 2.16 GHz channel (also referred to as a “single-channel” or a“DMG channel”).

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, whichmay, for example, support communication over a channel BW (also referredto as a “wide channel”, an “EDMG channel”, or a “bonded channel”)including two or more channels, e.g., two or more 2.16 GHz channels,e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the channel bonding mechanisms mayinclude, for example, a mechanism and/or an operation whereby two ormore channels, e.g., 2.16 GHz channels, can be combined, e.g., for ahigher bandwidth of packet transmission, for example, to enableachieving higher data rates, e.g., when compared to transmissions over asingle channel. Some demonstrative embodiments are described herein withrespect to communication over a channel BW including two or more 2.16GHz channels, however other embodiments may be implemented with respectto communications over a channel bandwidth, e.g., a “wide” channel,including or formed by any other number of two or more channels, forexample, an aggregated channel including an aggregation of two or morechannels.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, whichmay, for example, support an increased channel bandwidth, for example, achannel BW of 4.32 GHz, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, a channel BW of 8.64GHz, and/or any other additional or alternative channel BW, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, whichmay, for example, support an increased channel bandwidth, for example, achannel BW of 4.32 GHz, e.g., including two 2.16 Ghz channels accordingto a channel bonding factor of two, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, e.g.,including three 2.16 Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factorof three, a channel BW of 8.64 GHz, e.g., including four 2.16 Ghzchannels according to a channel bonding factor of four, and/or any otheradditional or alternative channel BW, e.g., including any other numberof 2.16 Ghz channels and/or according to any other channel bondingfactor.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may beconfigured to communicate one or more transmissions over one or morechannel BWs, for example, including a channel BW of 2.16 GHz, a channelBW of 4.32 GHz, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, a channel BW of 8.64 GHzand/or any other channel BW.

In some demonstrative embodiments, introduction of MIMO may be based,for example, on implementing robust transmission modes and/or enhancingthe reliability of data transmission, e.g., rather than the transmissionrate, compared to a Single Input Single Output (SISO) case. For example,one or more Space Time Block Coding (STBC) schemes utilizing aspace-time channel diversity property may be implemented to achieve oneor more enhancements for the MIMO transmission.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, process, transmit and/or receive a PhysicalLayer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) having a PPDU format (alsoreferred to as “EDMG PPDU format”), which may be configured, forexample, for communication between EDMG stations, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a PPDU, e.g., an EDMG PPDU, mayinclude at least one non-EDMG fields, e.g., a legacy field, which may beidentified, decodable, and/or processed by one or more devices(“non-EDMG devices”, or “legacy devices”), which may not support one ormore features and/or mechanisms (“non-legacy” mechanisms or “EDMGmechanisms”). For example, the legacy devices may include non-EDMGstations, which may be, for example, configured according to an IEEE802.11-2016 Standard, and the like. For example, a non-EDMG station mayinclude a DMG station, which is not an EDMG station.

Reference is made to FIG. 2, which schematically illustrates an EDMGPPDU format 200, which may be implemented in accordance with somedemonstrative embodiments. In one example, devices 102 (FIG. 1) and/or140 (FIG. 1) may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/orprocess one or more EDMG PPDUs having the structure and/or format ofEDMG PPDU 200.

In one example, devices 102 (FIG. 1) and/or 140 (FIG. 1) may communicatePPDU 200, for example, as part of a transmission over a channel, e.g.,an EDMG channel, having a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, for example, including a channel BW of 2.16 GHz, a channelBW of 4.32 GHz, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, a channel BW of 8.64 GHz,and/or any other channel BW, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, EDMG PPDU 200 mayinclude a non-EDMG portion 210 (“legacy portion”), e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, non-EDMG portion210 may include a non-EDMG (legacy) Short Training Field (STF) (L-STF)202, a non-EDMG (Legacy) Channel Estimation Field (CEF) (L-CEF) 204,and/or a non-EDMG header (L-header) 206.

In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, EDMG PPDU 200,may include an EDMG portion 220, for example, following non-EDMG portion210, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, EDMG portion 220may include a first EDMG header, e.g., an EDMG-Header-A 208, an EDMG-STF212, an EDMG-CEF 214, a second EDMG header, e.g., an EDMG-Header-B 216,a Data field 218, and/or one or more beamforming training fields, e.g.,a training (TRN) field 224.

In some demonstrative embodiments, EDMG portion 220 may include some orall of the fields shown in FIG. 2 and/or one or more other additional oralternative fields.

Referring back to FIG. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/orprocess one or more transmissions, e.g., including one or more EDMGPPDUs, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, for example, devices 102 and/or 140may be configured to perform one or more operations, and/orfunctionalities of an EDMG STA, which may be configured, for example, togenerate, transmit, receive and/or process one or more transmissions,e.g., including one or more EDMG PPDUs, e.g., including one or morefields according to the EDMG PPDU format of FIG. 2.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or moretransmissions of PPDUs, for example, EDMG PPDUs including BeamRefinement Protocol (BRP) frames, e.g., in accordance with an IEEE802.11ay Specification and/or any other specification, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to support beamforming training for channel aggregation, forexample, for two 2.16 GHz and/or two 4.32 GHz channels, e.g., inaccordance with an IEEE 802.11 ay Specification and/or any otherspecification, e.g., as described below.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented to support beamformingtraining for channel aggregation, which may rely, for example, on thetransmission of BRP frames in both primary and secondary aggregatedchannels, e.g., as described below.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented to support theaggregation of two 2.16 GHz and/or 4.32 GHz channels, for example, a2.16+2.16 GHz channel width, and/or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel width, e.g.,in accordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Specification and/or any otherspecification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, an aggregated channel may include aprimary channel and a secondary channel, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a beamforming training, for example,when channel aggregation is used, may implement a BRP Transmit SectorSweep (TXSS) procedure, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, there may be a need to address atechnical issue of, for example, establishing communication between twoSTAs over two aggregated channels, for example, including a primarychannel of an aggregated channel bandwidth and a secondary channel of anaggregated channel bandwidth. For example, the two STAs may already havea link established in a primary channel, and may have already determinedantenna settings for transmission and/or reception in the primarychannel, which may enable communications between the two STAs in theprimary channel. For example, after intent to use channel aggregation isindicated and acknowledged using the primary channel, the STAs mayperform beamforming training in a secondary channel to determine antennasettings for transmission and/or reception in the secondary channel.

In some demonstrative embodiments, beamforming training may be performedusing a BRP TXSS protocol, which may include the transmission of BRPframes by both STAs (initiator and responder of the procedure), e.g., inaccordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Specification. However, when intent toperform channel aggregation is indicated and acknowledged, the STAs maystill have not determined antenna settings for the secondary channel.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to perform a beamforming training procedure for aggregatedchannels, for example, even before establishing communication in thesecondary channel, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or moretransmissions of EDMG PPDUs, for example, EDMG BRP packets, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or moretransmissions of the EDMG BRP packets, for example, according to atransmission mode, which may be configured to support and/or enabletransmission of an EDMG BRP packet over an aggregated channel, forexample, in accordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Specification, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or moretransmissions of the EDMG BRP packets sent in a secondary aggregatedchannel, for example, even before communication between devices 102and/or 140 is established in the secondary channel, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process BRP framescommunicated in the secondary aggregated channel, for example, evenbefore communication between devices 102 and/or 140 is established inthe secondary channel, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process BRP frames overa secondary channel of an aggregated channel bandwidth, for example,even before communication between devices 102 and/or 140 is establishedin the secondary channel, for example, at a control mode rate or higherModulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control a wireless station implemented by device102, e.g., a first EDMG STA, to exchange first and second BRP setupframes with a wireless station implemented by device 140, e.g., a secondEDMG STA, for example, to initiate a BRP TXSS over an aggregated channelbandwidth including an aggregation of a primary channel and a secondarychannel in a frequency band above 45 GHz, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to transmit, for example, during the BRP TXSS, a plurality ofBRP frames to device 140 over the primary channel and the secondarychannel, for example, according to an EDMG control mode, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to determine a transmit beamforming configuration over theaggregated channel bandwidth, for example, based on BRP feedback fromdevice 140, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to transmit an EDMG PPDU to device 140 over the aggregatedchannel bandwidth, for example, based on the transmit beamformingconfiguration, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the aggregated channel bandwidth mayinclude a 2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channelbandwidth, e.g., as described below.

In other embodiments, the aggregated channel bandwidth may include anyother additional and/or alternative channel bandwidth.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to transmit the plurality of BRP frames, for example, whileusing in the secondary channel an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) setting,which is selected by an implementation, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, an AWV antenna setting used for thetransmission of BRP frames, for example, including preambles, headers,and/or the data field, in the secondary channel may be chosen by theimplementation, for example, when beamforming training is performed forthe channel aggregation case before communication in the secondarychannel has been established. For example, the AWV antenna setting usedfor the transmission of one or more subfields of BRP packets over thesecondary channel may be chosen by the implementation. In one example,the AWV antenna setting used for the transmission of the first P TRNsubfields, for example, in each Training Unit (TRN-Unit), that includethe TRN field of EDMG BRP-Transmit (BRP-TX) and/or EDMG BRP-Receive(BRP-RX) packets, for example, used in the beamforming trainingprocedure, may be chosen by the implementation.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to transmit a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames, forexample, by transmitting a TRN field of the BRP frame, e.g., TRN field224 (FIG. 2), over the primary channel and the secondary channel, e.g.,as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to set a field in a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP framesto indicate that measurements are to be performed, for example, using aquasi-omni antenna pattern, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to set to “1” a TRN-Unit Receive (Rx) pattern field in anEDMG Header A of the BRP frame, for example, to indicate thatmeasurements are to be performed using the quasi-omni antenna pattern,e.g., as described below.

In other embodiments, any other field and/or indication may be used.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to transmit the BRP frames over the primary and secondarychannels in a non-EDMG duplicate format, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a duration of a BRP data field of aBRP frame over the secondary channel may be equal to a duration of theBRP data field over the primary channel, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to configure a TRN field of a BRP frame, e.g., TRN field 224(FIG. 2), over the secondary channel with a same configuration of theTRN field over the primary channel, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to perform a role, one or more functionalities of, one ormore operations of, and/or one or more procedures of, an initiator ofthe BRP TXSS, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the initiator of the BRP TXSS, e.g.,device 102, may be configured to transmit the first BRP setup frame, toreceive the second BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in aninitiator BRP TXSS phase, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to perform a role, one or more functionalities of, one ormore operations of, and/or one or more procedures of, a responder of theBRP TXSS, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the responder of the BRP TXSS, e.g.,device 102, may be configured to receive the first BRP setup frame, totransmit the second BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in aresponder BRP TXSS phase, e.g., as described below.

Reference is made to FIG. 3, which schematically illustrates a BRP TXSSprotocol 300 for a channel aggregation, which may be implemented inaccordance with some demonstrative embodiments. In one example, devices102 (FIG. 1) and/or 140 (FIG. 1) may be configured to generate,transmit, receive and/or process one or more BRP frames according to BRPTXSS protocol 300.

In one example, devices 102 (FIG. 1) and/or 140 (FIG. 1) may communicateBRP frames in accordance with BRP TXSS protocol 300, for example, aspart of communication over a primary channel and a secondary channel ofan aggregated channel bandwidth, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 (FIG. 1) may perform arole, one or more functionalities of, one or more operations of, and/orone or more procedures of, an initiator 302 of BRP TXSS protocol 300.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 (FIG. 1) may perform arole, one or more functionalities of, one or more operations of, and/orone or more procedures of, a responder 340 of BRP TXSS protocol 300.

As shown in FIG. 3, BRP TXSS protocol 300 may include a setup phase 306,during which initiator 302 may exchange first and second BRP setupframes with responder 340, for example, to initiate BRP TXSS protocol300 over an aggregated channel bandwidth.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, initiator 302 may transmit to responder340 a first BRP setup frame 322, which may be duplicated over a primarychannel 303 and a secondary channel 305 of the aggregated channelbandwidth. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, responder 340 may transmitto initiator 302 a second BRP setup frame 324, which may be duplicatedover primary channel 303 and secondary channel 305 of the aggregatedchannel bandwidth.

As shown in FIG. 3, BRP TXSS protocol 300 may include an initiator BRPTXSS phase 308, for example, following setup phase 306.

As shown in FIG. 3, during initiator BRP TXSS phase 308, initiator 302may to transmit to responder 340 a plurality of BRP frames 326duplicated over primary channel 303 and secondary channel 305.

For example, initiator 302 may transmit to responder 340 BRP frames 326during initiator BRP TXSS 308, for example, according to an EDMG controlmode.

As shown in FIG. 3, initiator 302 may be configured to receive fromresponder 340 BRP feedback 328 duplicated over primary channel 303 andsecondary channel 305, for example, during initiator BRP TXSS phase 308.For example, BRP feedback 328 may be based on measurements performed atresponder 340 based on the BRP frames 326.

In some demonstrative embodiments, initiator 302 may be configured todetermine a transmit beamforming configuration over the aggregatedchannel bandwidth, for example, based on BRP feedback 328 from responder340.

In some demonstrative embodiments, initiator 302 may be configured totransmit an EDMG PPDU to responder 340 over the aggregated channelbandwidth, for example, based on the transmit beamforming configuration.

As shown in FIG. 3, BRP TXSS protocol 300 may include an acknowledgementstage 312, during which initiator 302 may transmit to responder 340 aBRP acknowledgement frame 330.

As shown in FIG. 3, BRP TXSS protocol 300 may include a responder BRPTXSS phase 310, for example, following initiator BRP TXSS phase 308.

As shown in FIG. 3, during responder BRP TXSS phase 310, responder 340may transmit to initiator 302 a plurality of BRP frames 332 duplicatedover primary channel 303 and secondary channel 305.

For example, responder 340 may transmit to initiator 302 BRP frames 332during responder BRP TXSS 310, for example, according to an EDMG controlmode.

As shown in FIG. 3, responder 340 may be configured to receive frominitiator 302 BRP feedback 334 duplicated over primary channel 303 andsecondary channel 305, for example, during responder BRP TXSS phase 310.For example, BRP feedback 334 may be based on measurements performed atinitiator 302 based on the BRP frames 332.

In some demonstrative embodiments, responder 340 may be configured todetermine a transmit beamforming configuration over the aggregatedchannel bandwidth, for example, based on BRP feedback 334 from initiator302.

In some demonstrative embodiments, responder 340 may be configured totransmit an EDMG PPDU to initiator 302 over the aggregated channelbandwidth, for example, based on the transmit beamforming configuration.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 (FIG. 1) and/or 140(FIG. 1) may communicate EDMG BRP packets, for example, in accordancewith BRP TXSS protocol 300. For example, the EDMG BRP packets mayinclude BRP frames with an attached TRN field, e.g., TRN field 224 (FIG.2).

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 (FIG. 1) and/or 140(FIG. 1) may communicate the EDMG BRP packets, e.g., BRP packets 326and/or BRP packets 332, to perform beamforming training over the primarychannel and the secondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.For example, a receiver STA of the EDMG BRP packets, e.g., responder 340receiving BRP frames 326 and/or initiator 302 receiving BRP frames 332,may use the EDMG BRP packets, e.g., BRP frames that have a TRN fieldattached to them, to perform a beamforming training, for example, eventhough the sector/AWV used in the transmission of BRP frames in thesecondary channel have not been determined yet. For example, thereceiver STA may determine the timing of a signal in the secondarychannel based on the reception of the signal in the primary channel,e.g., as described below.

Reference is made to FIG. 4, which schematically illustrates an EDMG BRPpacket transmission 400, which may be implemented in accordance withsome demonstrative embodiments. In one example, devices 102 (FIG. 1)and/or 140 (FIG. 1) may be configured to generate, transmit, receiveand/or process one or more EDMG BRP packets according to EDMG BRP packettransmission 400.

In one example, EDMG BRP packet transmission 400 may include aduplicated transmission of a BRP frame 326 (FIG. 3) over a primarychannel and a secondary channel of an aggregated channel bandwidth. Inanother example, EDMG BRP packet transmission 400 may include aduplicated transmission of a BRP frame 332 (FIG. 3) over the primarychannel and the secondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a receiver STA of EDMG BRP packettransmission 400, e.g., responder 340 receiving BRP frames 326 and/orinitiator 302 receiving BRP frames 332, may receive EDMG BRP packettransmission 400, for example, over both the primary channel and thesecondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

As shown in FIG. 4, the receiver STA may be able to determine timing ofthe signal in the secondary channel, for example, as signals transmittedin aggregated channels may have substantially no time delay betweenthem.

In one example, time delays introduced in the channel are expected to berelatively short, for example, less than the guard interval, and have nosignificant impact in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) measurements.Accordingly, the receiver STA may be configured to determine with goodaccuracy the start of the TRN field, e.g., TRN field 224 (FIG. 2), inthe EDMG BRP packet 400 transmitted in the secondary channel, forexample, based on the reception of the corresponding frame in theprimary channel, and the receiver STA may use the TRN field to performmeasurements.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a beamforming training procedure foraggregated channels, for example, including communication of EDMG BRPpacket transmission 400, which may be suitable, for example, forimplementing even before communication in the secondary channel has beenestablished, may be configured according to one or more of the followingrequirements:

-   -   The duration of the data field of EDMG BRP packets transmitted        simultaneously in a primary channel and a secondary channel        shall be the same. For example, simultaneous transmission may        include, for example, no time delay or possibly a time delay        that is defined in an IEEE 802.11ay Specification and/or any        other specification. The delay could be defined, for example, in        terms of a fixed value or in a range of values, with the actual        value used possibly chosen by the implementation.    -   The configuration of the TRN field of EDMG BRP packets        transmitted simultaneously in a primary channel and a secondary        channel shall be the same. Specifically, the values of the        fields EDMG TRN Length, RX TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit, EDMG        TRN-Unit P, EDMG TRN-Unit M and/or EDMG TRN-Unit N in the        EDMG-Header-A of both EDMG BRP frames shall be the same.

In other embodiments, a beamforming training procedure for aggregatedchannels before communication in the secondary channel has beenestablished may be configured according to any other additional and/oralternative requirements.

In some demonstrative embodiments, EDMG STAs, e.g., devices 102 and/or140 (FIG. 1), may be configured to implement a beamforming trainingprocedure for aggregated channels according to one or more of therequirements of duration of a data field of EDMG BRP packets, and/orrequirements for a configuration of the TRN field of EDMG BRP packets,e.g., as described above.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG STAs, e.g., devices 102and/or 140 (FIG. 1), may be configured to communicate EDMG BRP packets,for example, according to a protocol, which may restrict thetransmission of BRP frames in a BRP TXSS performed over two aggregatedchannels, e.g., the transmission of BRP frames 326 (FIG. 3) in initiatorBRP TXSS 308 (FIG. 3) and/or the transmission of BRP frames 332 (FIG. 3)in responder BRP TXSS 310 (FIG. 3), before communication in thesecondary channel has been established, to be made by using the EDMGControl Mode in the non-EDMG duplicate format, for example, inaccordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Specification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG STAs, e.g., devices 102and/or 140 (FIG. 1), may be configured to implement a beamformingtraining procedure for aggregated channels, e.g., before communicationin the secondary channel has been established, for example, according toone or more of the following requirements:

-   -   The TRN-Unit RX Pattern field in the EDMG-Header-A of EDMG        BRP-TX packets, e.g., EDMG Header A 208 (FIG. 2), shall be set        to “1”, for example, to indicate that measurements shall be        performed using a quasi-omni antenna pattern.    -   Measurements on the same frames are to be reported in BRP frames        transmitted simultaneously in a primary channel and a secondary        channel. Alternatively, BRP frames used to feedback measurements        shall be transmitted in the primary channel only.    -   The data field of BRP frames used to setup the BRP procedure        that are transmitted simultaneously in a primary channel and a        secondary channel shall be the same. Alternatively, BRP frames        used to setup a BRP procedure in this case shall be transmitted        in the primary channel only.

In other embodiments, any other additional or alternative requirementsmay be implemented to support a beamforming training procedure foraggregated channels before communication in the secondary channel hasbeen established.

Referring back to FIG. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102and/or 140 may be configured to support and/or implement one or moreoperations of setting up on a first channel a Sector-Level Sweep (SLS)procedure over a second channel, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to define an SLS procedure for channel aggregation. Forexample, SLS may not require that a link has already been established,and/or may not assume that the timing of BRP frames transmitted in achannel, for example, a secondary channel of an aggregated channelbandwidth, can be inferred from signals transmitted in a differentchannel, for example, a primary channel of the aggregated channelbandwidth, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the SLS procedure may be implementedto support beamforming training in the secondary channel of theaggregated channel bandwidth, for example, even before a link in thesecondary channel is established, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to exchange an SLS request and an SLS response with device140 over a first channel in a frequency band above 45 GHz, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the SLS request may include channelinformation to identify a second channel in the frequency band above 45GHz, and the SLS response may include an indication whether the SLSrequest is confirmed, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to perform an Initiator Sector Sweep (ISS) of the SLS withdevice 140 over the second channel, for example, when the SLS request isconfirmed, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the first channel may include aprimary channel of an aggregated channel bandwidth and the secondchannel may include a secondary channel of the aggregated channelbandwidth, e.g., as described above.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the aggregated channel bandwidth mayinclude a 2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channelbandwidth, e.g., as described below.

In other embodiments, the first channel and the second channel mayinclude any other channels of any other channel bandwidth.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to setup an SLS with device 140 over a secondary channel ofan aggregated channel bandwidth, for example, by exchanging with device140 an SLS request frame and an SLS response frame over a primarychannel of the aggregated channel bandwidth, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the SLS request may include channelinformation to identify the secondary channel, and the SLS response mayinclude an indication whether the SLS request is confirmed, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the SLS request may include a grantframe and the SLS response may include a grant Acknowledgement (Ack)frame, e.g., as described below.

In other embodiments, the SLS request and/or the SLS response mayinclude any other type of frame.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a control trailer of the grant framemay include a channel number of the secondary channel, e.g. as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a control trailer of the grant Ackframe may include the channel number of the secondary channel, forexample, when the SLS request is confirmed, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the SLS request may include a timeoutvalue, for example, to indicate a timeout of the SLS request relative toa time indicated by a duration field of the grant frame, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to perform a role of an initiator of the SLS; and/orcontroller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control thewireless station implemented by device 140 to perform a role of aresponder of the SLS, e.g., as described below.

In other embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause,trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102to perform a role of a responder of the SLS; and/or controller 154 maybe configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless stationimplemented by device 140 to perform a role of an initiator of the SLS.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the initiator of the SLS, e.g.,device 102, may be configured to transmit the SLS request over theprimary channel, to receive the SLS response over the primary channel,and to transmit during the ISS one or more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames orshort-SSW frames over the secondary channel to a device performing arole of the responder of the SLS, for example, device 140, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the responder of the SLS, e.g.,device 140, may be configured to receive the SLS request over theprimary channel, to transmit the SLS response over the primary channel,and to receive during the ISS one or more SSW frames or short-SSW framesover the secondary channel from a device performing a role of theinitiator, for example, device 102, e.g., as described below.

Reference is made to FIG. 5, which schematically illustrates an SLSprotocol 500, which may be implemented in accordance with somedemonstrative embodiments. In one example, devices 102 (FIG. 1) and/or140 (FIG. 1) may be configured to perform an SLS procedure for channelaggregation in accordance with SLS protocol 500.

For example, SLS protocol 500 may be configured to support channelaggregation, which may allow performing beamforming training in thesecondary channel, for example, even before a link is established in thesecondary channel.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 (FIG. 1) may operate as,perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, aninitiator of SLS protocol 500, and/or device 140 (FIG. 1) may operateas, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of,a responder of SLS protocol 500.

In other embodiments, device 140 (FIG. 1) may operate as, perform therole of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, the initiator ofSLS protocol 500, and device 102 (FIG. 1) may operate as, perform therole of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, the responder ofSLS protocol 500.

As shown in FIG. 5, the initiator of SLS protocol 500, e.g., device 102(FIG. 1), may send an SLS request 510 to the responder, e.g., device 140(FIG. 1), in a first channel 502, denoted channel A. For example, firstchannel 502 may include a primary channel of an aggregated channelbandwidth.

For example, SLS request 510 may be in the form of a Grant frameappended with a control trailer that includes an allocation in a secondchannel 504, denoted channel B, along with some additional informationthat will be used for the upcoming SLS performed in second channel 504.For example, second channel 504 may include a secondary channel of theaggregated channel bandwidth.

In some demonstrative embodiments, Grant frame 510 may be transmitted infirst channel 502, but in the control trailer appended to Grant frame510, the channel number of second channel 504 may be included so thatthe responder, e.g., device 140 (FIG. 1), knows the initiator, e.g.,device 102 (FIG. 1), is requesting to start an SLS with the responder inthe second channel 504.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the initiator, e.g., device 102 (FIG.1), may include a timeout value, denoted T, in the control trailerappended to Grant frame 510. For example, if neither the initiator northe responder can communicate with each other on second channel 504 fora time T starting with time D, where D is the value of the Durationfield in Grant frame 510, then the initiator and responder may considerthe attempt unsuccessful and return to first channel 502.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the responder, e.g., device 140 (FIG.1), may transmit an acknowledgement frame 512, which may be in the formof a Grant ACK appended with a control trailer.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the initiator, e.g., device 102 (FIG.1), may start an Initiator Sector Sweep (ISS) 514 in second channel 504,for example, after a pre-defined interval following the transmission ofGrant ACK 512. For example, ISS 514 may include an Initiator TXSS, andmay make use of either multiple SSW frames or multiple Short SSW frames.For example, ISS 514 may include and/or support one or more proceduresand/or operations in accordance with the IEEE 802.11-2016 Standard,and/or an IEEE 802.11ay Specification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a channel number for second channel504 may be included, for example, in the appended control trailer ofGrant Ack frame 512 from the responder.

In one example, the initiator of SLS protocol 500 may determine that theSLS request in second channel 504 may be confirmed by the responder, andthe initiator may start the SLS in second channel 504, for example, ifthe channel number in the appended control trailer of Grant Ack frame512 from the responder is equal to the channel number of second channel504 previously contained in the control trailer appended to Grant frame510 from the initiator.

In one example, the initiator shall consider an unsuccessful agreementon the SLS and shall not start the SLS in second channel 504, forexample, if the channel number in the appended control trailer of GrantAck frame 512 transmitted by the responder is different from the channelnumber of second channel 504 previously contained in the control trailerappended to Grant frame 510 from the initiator.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the responder may start a ResponderSector Sweep (RSS) 516 in second channel 504, for example, after apre-defined interval following the transmission of the last packettransmitted by the initiator in ISS 514. For example, RSS 516 mayinclude a Responder TXSS and may make use of either multiple SSW framesor multiple Short SSW frames. For example, RSS 516 may include one ormore procedures and/or operations in accordance with the IEEE802.11-2016 Standard, and/or an IEEE 802.11ay Specification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the initiator shall transmit anSSW-Feedback frame 518 to the responder in second channel 504, forexample, after a pre-defined interval following the transmission of thelast packet transmitted by the responder in RSS 516. For example, thefeedback procedure may include one or more procedures and/or operationsin accordance with the IEEE 802.11-2016 Standard, and/or an IEEE802.11ay Specification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the responder shall transmit anSSW-ACK frame 520 to the initiator in second channel 504 to perform anSSW ACK procedure, for example, after a pre-defined interval followingthe transmission of SSW-Feedback frame 518. For example, the SSW ACKprocedure may include one or more procedures and/or operations inaccordance with the IEEE 802.11-2016 Standard, and/or an IEEE 802.11aySpecification.

Referring back to FIG. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/orprocess one or more different types of EDMG BRP packets, e.g., asdescribed below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or more ofthe following three types of EDMG BRP packets:

-   -   EDMG BRP-RX for receive training and tracking;    -   EDMG BRP-TX for transmit training and tracking; and/or    -   EDMG BRP-RX/TX for simultaneous receive and transmit training        and tracking.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to perform one or more operations of transmit beam trackingand/or receive beam tracking procedures, for example, in accordance withan IEEE 802.11ay Specification and/or any other Specification.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or moretransmissions of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packets, for example, to support asimultaneous receive and transmit tracking procedure, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more procedures, as well as theirrequired signaling, to enable simultaneous receive and transmittracking, for example, using EDMG BRP-RX/TX packets, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may operate as, performthe role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, an initiatorEDMG STA of a beamforming procedure, and/or device 140 may operate as,perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, aresponder EDMG STA of the beamforming procedure.

In other embodiments, device 140 may operate as, perform the role of,and/or perform one or more functionalities of, the initiator EDMG STA,and/or device 102 may operate as, perform the role of, and/or performone or more functionalities of, the responder EDMG STA.

For example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Specification, aninitiator EDMG STA, e.g., device 102, may send a request for transmitbeam tracking to a responder EDMG STA, e.g., device 140, for example, bysetting one or more of the following fields in a transmitted packet:

-   -   The “Packet Type” field in the L-Header equal to 1 and the “RX        TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG-Header-A equal        to 0 (to indicate the transmission of an EDMG BRP-TX packet);    -   The “Beam Tracking Request” field in the L-Header equal to 0 and        the “EDMG Beam Tracking Request” field in the EDMG-Header-A        equal to 1 (to indicate a request for beam tracking); and    -   The “EDMG TRN Length” in the EDMG-Header-A equal to the number        of appended TRN-Units to the packet, which shall be greater than        zero.

For example, a beam tracking responder, e.g., device 140, may performmeasurements, for example, using the received EDMG BRP-TX packet, andmay send feedback to the beam tracking initiator, e.g., device 102.

For example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.11ay Specification, aninitiator EDMG STA, e.g., device 102, may send a request for receivebeam tracking to a responder EDMG STA, e.g., device 140, for example, bysetting one or more of the following fields in a transmitted packet:

-   -   The “Packet Type” field in the L-Header equal to 0 and the “RX        TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG-Header-A equal        to 0 (which, together with the configuration below, indicates a        request for the transmission of an EDMG BRP-RX packet);    -   The “Beam Tracking Request” field in the L-Header equal to 0 and        the “EDMG Beam Tracking Request” field in the EDMG-Header-A        equal to 1 (to indicate a request for beam tracking); and    -   The “EDMG TRN Length” in the EDMG-Header-A equal to the number        of requested TRN-Units, which shall be greater than zero.

For example, the beam tracking responder, e.g., device 140, may send anEDMG BRP-RX packet to the beam tracking initiator, e.g., device 102, forexample, with the number of TRN-Units requested by the beam trackinginitiator appended to the packet.

Some demonstrative embodiments may be configured to utilize a third beamtracking procedure (also referred to as “unsolicited receive beamtracking”), for example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.11aySpecification and/or any other Specification.

For example, according to an unsolicited receive beam trackingprocedure, an initiator EDMG STA, e.g., device 102, may send an EDMGBRP-RX packet to a responder EDMG STA, e.g., device 140, for example,with no prior request by the responder EDMG STA, that the responder EDMGSTA may use to perform receive beam tracking. For example, a beamtracking initiator, e.g., device 102, may transmit the EDMG BRP-RXpacket, e.g., using one or more of the following settings:

-   -   The “Packet Type” field in the L-Header is equal to 0 and the        “RX TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG-Header-A        is equal to 0 (which, together with the configuration below,        indicates an EDMG BRP-RX packet);    -   The “Beam Tracking Request” field in the L-Header is equal to 0        and the “EDMG Beam Tracking Request” field in the EDMG-Header-A        is equal to 0 (which, together with the configuration above,        indicates an EDMG BRP-RX packet); and    -   The “EDMG TRN Length” in the EDMG-Header-A is equal to the        number of TRN-Units appended to the packet, which shall be        greater than zero.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to support and/or implement beam tracking procedures, whichuse EDMG BRP-RX and/or EDMG BRP-TX packets, and allow for either receivebeam tracking or transmit beam tracking.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to use an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, for example, forsimultaneous receive and transmit beam tracking, e.g., in accordancewith an IEEE 802.11ay Specification and/or any other Specification,e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, there may be a need to provide adefinition of how EDMG BRP-RX/TX packets can be used for beam tracking,for example, in a way, which may be unambiguous and/or complete.

For example, it may not be complete to define that “a beam trackinginitiator may use procedures specified in an IEEE 802.11ay Specificationto request a beam tracking responder to perform both transmit andreceive beam tracking on the same packet. This is done by, on top of thecorresponding TXVECTOR parameter configuration specified in an IEEE802.11ay Specification, setting the TXVECTOR parameter RX_TRN_PER_TX_TRNto a value greater than zero and the Packet Type to TRN-T-PACKET. Inthis case, the beam tracking initiator and beam tracking responder shalluse the rules described in 30.9.2.2 of an IEEE 802.11ay Specification toperform both transmit and receive training over the TRN subfieldsappended to the transmitted packet”.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more operations to support and/or enableone or more receive and/or transmit beam tracking procedures, which maymake more efficient use of EDMG BRP-RX/TX packets and/or enablesimultaneous receive and transmit tracking, for example, in accordancewith an IEEE 802.11ay Specification, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or moretransmissions of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packets, for example, according to atransmission mode, which may be configured to support and/or enablesimultaneous receive and transmit tracking, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to communicate with the wireless station implemented bydevice 140 a packet, which is from a beam tracking initiator to a beamtracking responder, and includes a request for receive beam tracking,e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to communicate with device 140 an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet,which is from the beam tracking responder to the beam trackinginitiator, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to communicate with device 140 a beam tracking feedback,which is from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the beam tracking feedback mayinclude transmit tracking measurements, for example, performed by thebeam tracking initiator on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beamtracking responder, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may be configured toperform a role, one or more functionalities of, one or more operationsof, and/or one or more procedures of, the beam tracking initiator,and/or device 140 may be configured to perform a role, one or morefunctionalities of, one or more operations of, and/or one or moreprocedures of, the beam tracking responder, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe packet from the beam tracking initiator to device 140, to receivethe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from device 140, and to transmit the beamtracking feedback to device 140, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured toallow device 102 to perform receive beam tracking measurements on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 140 to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe packet from the beam tracking initiator, e.g., device 102, totransmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to device 102, and to receive thebeam tracking feedback from device 102, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the packet from the beam trackinginitiator may include an EDMG Header A field, e.g., EDMG Header A field208 (FIG. 2), including an “EDMG TRN length” field having a value equalto a number of requested TRN-Units, which is greater than zero; and/orthe EDMG Header A field of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet may include an “RXTraining (TRN) Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having a value equal tothe value of the EDMG TRN length field, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the packet from the beam trackinginitiator may include a non-EDMG header (L-header), e.g., L-header 206(FIG. 2), including a “packet type” field equal to “0” and a “beamtracking request field” equal to “0”; the EDMG Header A field of thepacket from the beam tracking initiator includes an “EDMG beam trackingrequest” field equal to “1”; and/or an “RX TRN-Units per each TXTRN-Unit” field in the EDMG Header A field of the packet from the beamtracking initiator may be equal to “0”, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a packet including the beam trackingfeedback may include a feedback type field having a same value of afeedback type field in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responderto the beam tracking initiator with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) fieldequal to “1”, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more operations to support and/or enableone or more procedures of simultaneous receive and transmit beamtracking, e.g., as follows:

1. A beam tracking initiator requests a receive beam tracking.

2. The beam tracking responder, instead of sending an EDMG BRP-RX packetas defined in the receive beam tracking procedure, sends instead an EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet. By doing so, the beam tracking initiator

-   -   a) May perform receive beam tracking as requested; and    -   b) Shall perform transmit tracking measurements using the        different transmit AWVs used by the beam tracking responder in        the transmission of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

3. The beam tracking initiator then sends feedback to the beam trackingresponder based on the transmit tracking measurements it made on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet sent by the beam tracking responder.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement the simultaneous receive and transmit beamtracking procedure, e.g., using one or more of the following operations:

1. An EDMG STA (initiator) requests receive beam tracking to a peer EDMGSTA (responder) by setting the following fields in a transmitted packet:

-   -   a) The “Packet Type” field in the L-Header equal to 0 and the        “RX TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG-Header-A        equal to 0;    -   b) The “Beam Tracking Request” field in the L-Header equal to 0        and the “EDMG Beam Tracking Request” field in the EDMG-Header-A        equal to 1; and    -   c) The “EDMG TRN Length” in the EDMG-Header-A equal to the        number of requested TRN-Units, which shall be greater than zero.

2. The beam tracking responder may:

-   -   a) Send an EDMG BRP-RX packet to the beam tracking initiator        with the number of TRN-Units requested by the beam tracking        initiator. This may correspond to a receive beam tracking        procedure.    -   b) Send an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the beam tracking initiator.        In this case:        -   i. The value in the “RX TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit”            field in the EDMG-Header-A of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet sent            by the beam tracking responder shall be equal to the value            in the “EDMG TRN Length” field in the EDMG-Header-A of the            BRP frame sent by the beam tracking initiator to start the            process.        -   ii. The value of the “EDMG Beam Tracking Request” field in            the EDMG-Header-A of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet sent by the            beam tracking responder may be equal to 0 or 1.        -   iii. The value of the “Beam Tracking Request” field in the            L-Header of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet sent by the beam            tracking responder may be equal to 0 or 1.

3. The beam tracking initiator then sends feedback to the beam trackingresponder, for example, based on the transmit tracking measurements itmade on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder.

-   -   a) The beam tracking initiator may append the feedback to any        packet from the initiator to the responder.    -   b) The feedback type shall be the same as the feedback type in        the last BRP frame that was transmitted from the responder to        the initiator with TX-TRN-REQ equal to 1. If the initiator has        never received a BRP frame from the responder with TX-TRN-REQ        equal to 1, the initiator shall respond with all subfields of        the FBCK-TYPE field equal to 0 and set the BS-FBCK field to the        AWV feedback ID corresponding to the TRN subfields transmitted        with the same AWV that were received with the best quality.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement and/or support simultaneous receive and transmitbeam tracking according to a procedure including some or all of theoperations of the simultaneous receive and transmit beam trackingprocedure described above and/or one or more additional or alternativeoperations, parameters, and/or procedures.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more operations to support and/or enableone or more receive and transmit beam tracking procedures, which maymake use of EDMG BRP-RX/TX packets and enable transmit beam tracking andunsolicited receive beam tracking, for example, in accordance with anIEEE 802.11ay Specification, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to communicate with the wireless station implemented bydevice 140 an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from abeam tracking initiator to a beam tracking responder, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet may includea request for transmit beam tracking. For example, the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket may be configured to allow the beam tracking responder to performreceive beam tracking on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to communicate with device 140 a beam tracking feedback, thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the beam tracking feedback mayinclude transmit tracking measurements performed by the beam trackingresponder on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking initiator,e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 102 to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to device 140, and to receive the beamtracking feedback from device 140, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented bydevice 140 to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from device 102, and to transmit the beamtracking feedback to device 102, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured toallow device 140 to perform receive beam tracking measurements on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet may includean unsolicited packet, which is unsolicited by a prior request from thebeam tracking responder for receive beam tracking, e.g., as describedbelow.

In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet may includea non-EDMG header (L-header), e.g., L-header 206 (FIG. 2), including a“packet type” field equal to “0”, and an EDMG Header A field, e.g., EDMGHeader A field 208 (FIG. 2), including an “EDMG beam tracking request”field equal to “1”, an “EDMG TRN length” field having a greater thanzero, and an “RX Training (TRN) Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field havinga value greater than zero, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, a packet including the beam trackingfeedback may include a feedback type field having a same value of afeedback type field in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking initiatorto the beam tracking responder with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) fieldequal to “1”, e.g., as described below.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement one or more operations to support and/or enableone or more procedures, for example, to combine transmit beam trackingand unsolicited receive beam tracking procedures into a single and moreefficient procedure, e.g., as follows:

1. A beam tracking initiator sends an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the beamtracking responder—with no prior request by the beam trackingresponder—that the beam tracking responder:

-   -   a) May use to perform receive beam tracking; and    -   b) Shall use to perform transmit tracking measurements using the        different transmit AWVs used by the beam tracking initiator in        the transmission of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

2. The beam tracking responder sends feedback to the beam trackinginitiator, for example, based on the transmit tracking measurements thebeam tracking responder made on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet sent by thebeam tracking initiator.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement the transmit beam tracking and unsolicitedreceive beam tracking procedure, e.g., using one or more of thefollowing operations:

1. An EDMG STA (initiator) requests simultaneous receive and transmitbeam tracking to a peer EDMG STA (responder), e.g., by setting thefollowing fields in a transmitted BRP frame:

-   -   a) The “RX TRN-Units per Each TX TRN-Unit” field in the        EDMG-Header-A to a value greater than 0;    -   b) The “Beam Tracking Request” field in the L-Header equal to 0        and the “EDMG Beam Tracking Request” field in the EDMG-Header-A        equal to 1; and    -   c) The “EDMG TRN Length” in the EDMG-Header-A to a value greater        than zero.

2. The beam tracking responder sends feedback to the beam trackinginitiator, for example, based on the transmit tracking measurements thebeam tracking responder made on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet sent by thebeam tracking initiator.

-   -   a) The beam tracking responder may append the feedback to any        packet from the responder to initiator.    -   b) The feedback type shall be the same as the feedback type in        the last BRP frame that was transmitted from the initiator to        the responder with TX-TRN-REQ equal to 1. If the responder has        never received a BRP frame from the initiator with TX-TRN-REQ        equal to 1, the responder shall respond with all subfields of        the FBCK-TYPE field equal to 0 and set the BS-FBCK field to the        AWV feedback ID corresponding to the TRN subfields transmitted        with the same AWV that were received with the best quality.

In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may beconfigured to implement and/or support the transmit beam tracking andunsolicited receive beam tracking according to a procedure includingsome or all of the operations of the transmit beam tracking andunsolicited receive beam tracking procedure described above and/or oneor more additional or alternative operations, parameters, and/orprocedures.

Reference is made to FIG. 6, which schematically illustrates a method ofbeamforming training, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.For example, one or more of the operations of the method of FIG. 6 maybe performed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (FIG.1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (FIG.1), and/or device 140 (FIG. 1), a controller, e.g., controller 124(FIG. 1) and/or controller 154 (FIG. 1), a radio, e.g., radio 114(FIG. 1) and/or radio 144 (FIG. 1), and/or a message processor, e.g.,message processor 128 (FIG. 1) and/or message processor 158 (FIG. 1).

As indicated at block 602, the method may include exchanging at a firstEDMG STA first and second BRP setup frames with a second EDMG STA toinitiate a BRP TXSS over an aggregated channel bandwidth including anaggregation of a primary channel and a secondary channel in a frequencyband above 45 GHz. For example, controller 124 (FIG. 1) may beconfigured to cause, trigger, and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1) toexchange first and second BRP setup frames with device 140 (FIG. 1) toinitiate the BRP TXSS over the aggregated channel bandwidth includingthe aggregation of the primary channel and the secondary channel in thefrequency band above 45 GHz, e.g., as described above.

As indicated at block 604, the method may include, during the BRP TXSS,transmitting a plurality of BRP frames from the first EDMG STA to thesecond EDMG STA over the primary channel and the secondary channelaccording to an EDMG control mode. For example, controller 124 (FIG. 1)may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1)to transmit, during the BRP TXSS, the plurality of BRP frames to device140 (FIG. 1) over the primary channel and the secondary channelaccording to the EDMG control mode, e.g., as described above.

As indicated at block 606, the method may include determining at thefirst EDMG STA a transmit beamforming configuration over the aggregatedchannel bandwidth based on BRP feedback from the second EDMG STA. Forexample, controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger,and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1) to determine the transmit beamformingconfiguration over the aggregated channel bandwidth based on the BRPfeedback from device 140 (FIG. 1), e.g., as described above.

As indicated at block 608, the method may include transmitting an EDMGPHY PPDU from the first EDMG STA to the second EDMG STA over theaggregated channel bandwidth based on the transmit beamformingconfiguration. For example, controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configured tocause, trigger, and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1) to transmit the EDMGPHY PPDU to device 140 (FIG. 1) over the aggregated channel bandwidthbased on the transmit beamforming configuration, e.g., as describedabove.

Reference is made to FIG. 7, which schematically illustrates a method ofSLS, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, oneor more of the operations of the method of FIG. 7 may be performed byone or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (FIG. 1), forexample, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (FIG. 1), and/ordevice 140 (FIG. 1), a controller, e.g., controller 124 (FIG. 1) and/orcontroller 154 (FIG. 1), a radio, e.g., radio 114 (FIG. 1) and/or radio144 (FIG. 1), and/or a message processor, e.g., message processor 128(FIG. 1) and/or message processor 158 (FIG. 1).

As indicated at block 702, the method may include exchanging an SLSrequest and an SLS response between a first EDMG STA and a second EDMGSTA over a first channel in a frequency band above 45 GHz, the SLSrequest including channel information to identify a second channel inthe frequency band above 45 Ghz, the SLS response including anindication whether the SLS request is confirmed. For example, controller124 (FIG. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control device102 (FIG. 1) to exchange the SLS request and the SLS response withdevice 140 (FIG. 1) over the first channel in the frequency band above45 GHz, e.g., as described above.

As indicated at block 704, the method may include performing at thefirst EDMG STA an ISS of the SLS with the second EDMG STA over thesecond channel, when the SLS request is confirmed. For example,controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/orcontrol device 102 (FIG. 1) to perform the ISS of the SLS with device140 (FIG. 1) over the second channel, when the SLS request is confirmed,e.g., as described above.

Reference is made to FIG. 8, which schematically illustrates a method ofbeam tracking, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. Forexample, one or more of the operations of the method of FIG. 8 may beperformed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (FIG.1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (FIG.1), and/or device 140 (FIG. 1), a controller, e.g., controller 124(FIG. 1) and/or controller 154 (FIG. 1), a radio, e.g., radio 114(FIG. 1) and/or radio 144 (FIG. 1), and/or a message processor, e.g.,message processor 128 (FIG. 1) and/or message processor 158 (FIG. 1).

As indicated at block 802, the method may include communicating at afirst EDMG STA with a second EDMG STA a packet from a beam trackinginitiator to a beam tracking responder, the packet from the beamtracking initiator including a request for receive beam tracking. Forexample, controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger,and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1) to communicate with device 140(FIG. 1) the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder, e.g., as described above.

As indicated at block 804, the method may include communicating at thefirst EDMG STA with the second EDMG STA an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator. For example, controller 124 (FIG. 1) may beconfigured to cause, trigger, and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1) tocommunicate with device 140 (FIG. 1) the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from thebeam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator, e.g., asdescribed above.

As indicated at block 806, the method may include communicating at thefirst EDMG STA with the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder, the beam tracking feedback including transmittracking measurements performed by the beam tracking initiator on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder. For example,controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/orcontrol device 102 (FIG. 1) to communicate with device 140 (FIG. 1) thebeam tracking feedback, e.g., as described above.

Reference is made to FIG. 9, which schematically illustrates a method ofbeam tracking, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. Forexample, one or more of the operations of the method of FIG. 9 may beperformed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (FIG.1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (FIG.1), and/or device 140 (FIG. 1), a controller, e.g., controller 124(FIG. 1) and/or controller 154 (FIG. 1), a radio, e.g., radio 114(FIG. 1) and/or radio 144 (FIG. 1), and/or a message processor, e.g.,message processor 128 (FIG. 1) and/or message processor 158 (FIG. 1).

As indicated at block 902, the method may include communicating at afirst EDMG STA with a second EDMG STA an EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet, the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet from a beam tracking initiator to a beam trackingresponder, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet including a request for transmitbeam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet configured to allow the beamtracking responder to perform receive beam tracking on the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet. For example, controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configuredto cause, trigger, and/or control device 102 (FIG. 1) to communicatewith device 140 (FIG. 1) the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from a beam trackinginitiator to a beam tracking responder, e.g., as described above.

As indicated at block 902, the method may include communicating at thefirst EDMG STA with the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator, the beam tracking feedback including transmittracking measurements performed by the beam tracking responder on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking initiator. For example,controller 124 (FIG. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/orcontrol device 102 (FIG. 1) to communicate with device 140 (FIG. 1) thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator, e.g., as described above.

Reference is made to FIG. 10, which schematically illustrates a productof manufacture 1000, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.Product 1000 may include one or more tangible computer-readable(“machine-readable”) non-transitory storage media 1002, which mayinclude computer-executable instructions, e.g., implemented by logic1004, operable to, when executed by at least one computer processor,enable the at least one computer processor to implement one or moreoperations at device 102 (FIG. 1), device 140 (FIG. 1), radio 114 (FIG.1), radio 144 (FIG. 1), transmitter 118 (FIG. 1), transmitter 148 (FIG.1), receiver 116 (FIG. 1), receiver 146 (FIG. 1), message processor 128(FIG. 1), message processor 158 (FIG. 1), controller 124 (FIG. 1),and/or controller 154 (FIG. 1), to cause device 102 (FIG. 1), device 140(FIG. 1), radio 114 (FIG. 1), radio 144 (FIG. 1), transmitter 118 (FIG.1), transmitter 148 (FIG. 1), receiver 116 (FIG. 1), receiver 146 (FIG.1), message processor 128 (FIG. 1), message processor 158 (FIG. 1),controller 124 (FIG. 1), and/or controller 154 (FIG. 1) to perform,trigger and/or implement one or more operations and/or functionalities,and/or to perform, trigger and/or implement one or more operationsand/or functionalities described with reference to the FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, and/or 9, and/or one or more operations described herein.The phrases “non-transitory machine-readable medium” and“computer-readable non-transitory storage media” may be directed toinclude all machine and/or computer readable media, with the soleexception being a transitory propagating signal.

In some demonstrative embodiments, product 1000 and/or machine readablestorage media 1002 may include one or more types of computer-readablestorage media capable of storing data, including volatile memory,non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable ornon-erasable memory, writeable or re-writeable memory, and the like. Forexample, machine readable storage media 1002 may include, RAM, DRAM,Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDR-DRAM), SDRAM, static RAM (SRAM), ROM,programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electricallyerasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), Compact Disk ROM (CD-ROM), CompactDisk Recordable (CD-R), Compact Disk Rewriteable (CD-RW), flash memory(e.g., NOR or NAND flash memory), content addressable memory (CAM),polymer memory, phase-change memory, ferroelectric memory,silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, a disk, a floppydisk, a hard drive, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a card, a magneticcard, an optical card, a tape, a cassette, and the like. Thecomputer-readable storage media may include any suitable media involvedwith downloading or transferring a computer program from a remotecomputer to a requesting computer carried by data signals embodied in acarrier wave or other propagation medium through a communication link,e.g., a modem, radio or network connection.

In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 1004 may include instructions,data, and/or code, which, if executed by a machine, may cause themachine to perform a method, process and/or operations as describedherein. The machine may include, for example, any suitable processingplatform, computing platform, computing device, processing device,computing system, processing system, computer, processor, or the like,and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware,software, firmware, and the like.

In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 1004 may include, or may beimplemented as, software, a software module, an application, a program,a subroutine, instructions, an instruction set, computing code, words,values, symbols, and the like. The instructions may include any suitabletype of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code,executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. Theinstructions may be implemented according to a predefined computerlanguage, manner or syntax, for instructing a processor to perform acertain function. The instructions may be implemented using any suitablehigh-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/orinterpreted programming language, such as C, C++, Java, BASIC, Matlab,Pascal, Visual BASIC, assembly language, machine code, and the like.

EXAMPLES

The following examples pertain to further embodiments.

Example 1 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitryconfigured to cause a first Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG)(EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to exchange first and secondBeam Refinement Protocol (BRP) setup frames with a second EDMG STA toinitiate a BRP Transmit Sector Sweep (TXSS) over an aggregated channelbandwidth comprising an aggregation of a primary channel and a secondarychannel in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz); during the BRPTXSS, transmit a plurality of BRP frames to the second EDMG STA over theprimary channel and the secondary channel according to an EDMG controlmode; determine a transmit beamforming configuration over the aggregatedchannel bandwidth based on BRP feedback from the second EDMG STA; andtransmit an EDMG Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to thesecond EDMG STA over the aggregated channel bandwidth based on thetransmit beamforming configuration.

Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1, and optionally,wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMG STA totransmit the plurality of BRP frames while using in the secondarychannel an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) setting, which is selected by animplementation.

Example 3 includes the subject matter of Example 1 or 2, and optionally,wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMG STA totransmit a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames by transmitting aTraining (TRN) field of the BRP frame over the primary channel and thesecondary channel.

Example 4 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-3, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to set a field in a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames toindicate that measurements are to be performed using a quasi-omniantenna pattern.

Example 5 includes the subject matter of Example 4, and optionally,wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMG STA to setto “1” a Training Unit (TRN-Unit) Receive (Rx) pattern field in an EDMGHeader A of the BRP frame to indicate that measurements are to beperformed using the quasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 6 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-5, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to transmit the BRP frames over the primary and secondary channelsin a non-EDMG duplicate format.

Example 7 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-6, andoptionally, wherein a duration of a BRP data field of a BRP frame overthe secondary channel is equal to a duration of the BRP data field overthe primary channel.

Example 8 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-7, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to configure a Training (TRN) field of a BRP frame over thesecondary channel with a same configuration of the TRN field over theprimary channel.

Example 9 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-8, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of an initiator of the BRP TXSS, the initiator ofthe BRP TXSS to transmit the first BRP setup frame, to receive thesecond BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in an initiatorBRP TXSS phase.

Example 10 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-8, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of a responder of the BRP TXSS, the responder ofthe BRP TXSS to receive the first BRP setup frame, to transmit thesecond BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in a responderBRP TXSS phase.

Example 11 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-10, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to setup a Sector Level Sweep (SLS) with the second EDMG STA overthe secondary channel by exchanging with the second EDMG STA an SLSrequest and an SLS response over the primary channel, the SLS requestcomprising channel information to identify the secondary channel, theSLS response comprising an indication whether the SLS request isconfirmed.

Example 12 includes the subject matter of Example 11, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame, a control trailer of thegrant frame comprising a channel number of the secondary channel, acontrol trailer of the grant Ack frame comprising the channel number ofthe secondary channel when the SLS request is confirmed.

Example 13 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-12, andoptionally, wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 14 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-13, andoptionally, comprising a radio.

Example 15 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-14, andoptionally, comprising one or more antennas.

Example 16 includes a system of wireless communication comprising afirst Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wirelesscommunication station (STA), the first EDMG STA comprising a radio; amemory; a processor; one or more antennas; and a controller configuredto cause the first EDMG STA to exchange first and second Beam RefinementProtocol (BRP) setup frames with a second EDMG STA to initiate a BRPTransmit Sector Sweep (TXSS) over an aggregated channel bandwidthcomprising an aggregation of a primary channel and a secondary channelin a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz); during the BRP TXSS,transmit a plurality of BRP frames to the second EDMG STA over theprimary channel and the secondary channel according to an EDMG controlmode; determine a transmit beamforming configuration over the aggregatedchannel bandwidth based on BRP feedback from the second EDMG STA; andtransmit an EDMG Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to thesecond EDMG STA over the aggregated channel bandwidth based on thetransmit beamforming configuration.

Example 17 includes the subject matter of Example 16, and optionally,wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMG STA totransmit the plurality of BRP frames while using in the secondarychannel an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) setting, which is selected by animplementation.

Example 18 includes the subject matter of Example 16 or 17, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to transmit a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames bytransmitting a Training (TRN) field of the BRP frame over the primarychannel and the secondary channel.

Example 19 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-18, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to set a field in a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames toindicate that measurements are to be performed using a quasi-omniantenna pattern.

Example 20 includes the subject matter of Example 19, and optionally,wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMG STA to setto “1” a Training Unit (TRN-Unit) Receive (Rx) pattern field in an EDMGHeader A of the BRP frame to indicate that measurements are to beperformed using the quasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 21 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-20, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to transmit the BRP frames over the primary and secondary channelsin a non-EDMG duplicate format.

Example 22 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-21, andoptionally, wherein a duration of a BRP data field of a BRP frame overthe secondary channel is equal to a duration of the BRP data field overthe primary channel.

Example 23 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-22, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to configure a Training (TRN) field of a BRP frame over thesecondary channel with a same configuration of the TRN field over theprimary channel.

Example 24 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-23, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of an initiator of the BRP TXSS, the initiator ofthe BRP TXSS to transmit the first BRP setup frame, to receive thesecond BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in an initiatorBRP TXSS phase.

Example 25 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-23, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of a responder of the BRP TXSS, the responder ofthe BRP TXSS to receive the first BRP setup frame, to transmit thesecond BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in a responderBRP TXSS phase.

Example 26 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-25, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to setup a Sector Level Sweep (SLS) with the second EDMG STA overthe secondary channel by exchanging with the second EDMG STA an SLSrequest and an SLS response over the primary channel, the SLS requestcomprising channel information to identify the secondary channel, theSLS response comprising an indication whether the SLS request isconfirmed.

Example 27 includes the subject matter of Example 26, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame, a control trailer of thegrant frame comprising a channel number of the secondary channel, acontrol trailer of the grant Ack frame comprising the channel number ofthe secondary channel when the SLS request is confirmed.

Example 28 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 16-27, andoptionally, wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 29 includes a method to be performed at a first EnhancedDirectional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station(STA), the method comprising exchanging first and second Beam RefinementProtocol (BRP) setup frames with a second EDMG STA to initiate a BRPTransmit Sector Sweep (TXSS) over an aggregated channel bandwidthcomprising an aggregation of a primary channel and a secondary channelin a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz); during the BRP TXSS,transmitting a plurality of BRP frames to the second EDMG STA over theprimary channel and the secondary channel according to an EDMG controlmode; determining a transmit beamforming configuration over theaggregated channel bandwidth based on BRP feedback from the second EDMGSTA; and transmitting an EDMG Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit(PPDU) to the second EDMG STA over the aggregated channel bandwidthbased on the transmit beamforming configuration.

Example 30 includes the subject matter of Example 29, and optionally,comprising transmitting the plurality of BRP frames while using in thesecondary channel an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) setting, which isselected by an implementation.

Example 31 includes the subject matter of Example 29 or 30, andoptionally, comprising transmitting a BRP frame of the plurality of BRPframes by transmitting a Training (TRN) field of the BRP frame over theprimary channel and the secondary channel.

Example 32 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-31, andoptionally, comprising setting a field in a BRP frame of the pluralityof BRP frames to indicate that measurements are to be performed using aquasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 33 includes the subject matter of Example 32, and optionally,comprising setting to “1” a Training Unit (TRN-Unit) Receive (Rx)pattern field in an EDMG Header A of the BRP frame to indicate thatmeasurements are to be performed using the quasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 34 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-33, andoptionally, comprising transmitting the BRP frames over the primary andsecondary channels in a non-EDMG duplicate format.

Example 35 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-34, andoptionally, wherein a duration of a BRP data field of a BRP frame overthe secondary channel is equal to a duration of the BRP data field overthe primary channel.

Example 36 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-35, andoptionally, comprising configuring a Training (TRN) field of a BRP frameover the secondary channel with a same configuration of the TRN fieldover the primary channel.

Example 37 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-36, andoptionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a role ofan initiator of the BRP TXSS, the initiator of the BRP TXSS to transmitthe first BRP setup frame, to receive the second BRP setup frame, and totransmit the BRP frames in an initiator BRP TXSS phase.

Example 38 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-36, andoptionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a role of aresponder of the BRP TXSS, the responder of the BRP TXSS to receive thefirst BRP setup frame, to transmit the second BRP setup frame, and totransmit the BRP frames in a responder BRP TXSS phase.

Example 39 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-38, andoptionally, comprising setting up a Sector Level Sweep (SLS) with thesecond EDMG STA over the secondary channel by exchanging with the secondEDMG STA an SLS request and an SLS response over the primary channel,the SLS request comprising channel information to identify the secondarychannel, the SLS response comprising an indication whether the SLSrequest is confirmed.

Example 40 includes the subject matter of Example 39, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame, a control trailer of thegrant frame comprising a channel number of the secondary channel, acontrol trailer of the grant Ack frame comprising the channel number ofthe secondary channel when the SLS request is confirmed.

Example 41 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 29-40, andoptionally, wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 42 includes a product comprising one or more tangiblecomputer-readable non-transitory storage media comprisingcomputer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at leastone processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA) to exchange first and second Beam Refinement Protocol(BRP) setup frames with a second EDMG STA to initiate a BRP TransmitSector Sweep (TXSS) over an aggregated channel bandwidth comprising anaggregation of a primary channel and a secondary channel in a frequencyband above 45 Gigahertz (GHz); during the BRP TXSS, transmit a pluralityof BRP frames to the second EDMG STA over the primary channel and thesecondary channel according to an EDMG control mode; determine atransmit beamforming configuration over the aggregated channel bandwidthbased on BRP feedback from the second EDMG STA; and transmit an EDMGPhysical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to the second EDMG STAover the aggregated channel bandwidth based on the transmit beamformingconfiguration.

Example 43 includes the subject matter of Example 42, and optionally,wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the first EDMG STA totransmit the plurality of BRP frames while using in the secondarychannel an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) setting, which is selected by animplementation.

Example 44 includes the subject matter of Example 42 or 43, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to transmit a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames bytransmitting a Training (TRN) field of the BRP frame over the primarychannel and the secondary channel.

Example 45 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-44, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to set a field in a BRP frame of the plurality of BRP frames toindicate that measurements are to be performed using a quasi-omniantenna pattern.

Example 46 includes the subject matter of Example 45, and optionally,wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the first EDMG STA to setto “1” a Training Unit (TRN-Unit) Receive (Rx) pattern field in an EDMGHeader A of the BRP frame to indicate that measurements are to beperformed using the quasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 47 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-46, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to transmit the BRP frames over the primary and secondarychannels in a non-EDMG duplicate format.

Example 48 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-47, andoptionally, wherein a duration of a BRP data field of a BRP frame overthe secondary channel is equal to a duration of the BRP data field overthe primary channel.

Example 49 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-48, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to configure a Training (TRN) field of a BRP frame over thesecondary channel with a same configuration of the TRN field over theprimary channel.

Example 50 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-49, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of an initiator of the BRP TXSS, theinitiator of the BRP TXSS to transmit the first BRP setup frame, toreceive the second BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in aninitiator BRP TXSS phase.

Example 51 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-49, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of a responder of the BRP TXSS, the responderof the BRP TXSS to receive the first BRP setup frame, to transmit thesecond BRP setup frame, and to transmit the BRP frames in a responderBRP TXSS phase.

Example 52 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-51, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to setup a Sector Level Sweep (SLS) with the second EDMG STAover the secondary channel by exchanging with the second EDMG STA an SLSrequest and an SLS response over the primary channel, the SLS requestcomprising channel information to identify the secondary channel, theSLS response comprising an indication whether the SLS request isconfirmed.

Example 53 includes the subject matter of Example 52, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame, a control trailer of thegrant frame comprising a channel number of the secondary channel, acontrol trailer of the grant Ack frame comprising the channel number ofthe secondary channel when the SLS request is confirmed.

Example 54 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 42-53, andoptionally, wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 55 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA), the apparatus comprising means for exchanging first andsecond Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) setup frames with a second EDMGSTA to initiate a BRP Transmit Sector Sweep (TXSS) over an aggregatedchannel bandwidth comprising an aggregation of a primary channel and asecondary channel in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz); meansfor, during the BRP TXSS, transmitting a plurality of BRP frames to thesecond EDMG STA over the primary channel and the secondary channelaccording to an EDMG control mode; means for determining a transmitbeamforming configuration over the aggregated channel bandwidth based onBRP feedback from the second EDMG STA; and means for transmitting anEDMG Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to the second EDMGSTA over the aggregated channel bandwidth based on the transmitbeamforming configuration.

Example 56 includes the subject matter of Example 55, and optionally,comprising means for transmitting the plurality of BRP frames whileusing in the secondary channel an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) setting,which is selected by an implementation.

Example 57 includes the subject matter of Example 55 or 56, andoptionally, comprising means for transmitting a BRP frame of theplurality of BRP frames by transmitting a Training (TRN) field of theBRP frame over the primary channel and the secondary channel.

Example 58 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-57, andoptionally, comprising means for setting a field in a BRP frame of theplurality of BRP frames to indicate that measurements are to beperformed using a quasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 59 includes the subject matter of Example 58, and optionally,comprising means for setting to “1” a Training Unit (TRN-Unit) Receive(Rx) pattern field in an EDMG Header A of the BRP frame to indicate thatmeasurements are to be performed using the quasi-omni antenna pattern.

Example 60 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-59, andoptionally, comprising means for transmitting the BRP frames over theprimary and secondary channels in a non-EDMG duplicate format.

Example 61 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-60, andoptionally, wherein a duration of a BRP data field of a BRP frame overthe secondary channel is equal to a duration of the BRP data field overthe primary channel.

Example 62 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-61, andoptionally, comprising means for configuring a Training (TRN) field of aBRP frame over the secondary channel with a same configuration of theTRN field over the primary channel.

Example 63 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-62, andoptionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA to perform arole of an initiator of the BRP TXSS, the initiator of the BRP TXSS totransmit the first BRP setup frame, to receive the second BRP setupframe, and to transmit the BRP frames in an initiator BRP TXSS phase.

Example 64 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-62, andoptionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA to perform arole of a responder of the BRP TXSS, the responder of the BRP TXSS toreceive the first BRP setup frame, to transmit the second BRP setupframe, and to transmit the BRP frames in a responder BRP TXSS phase.

Example 65 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-64, andoptionally, comprising means for setting up a Sector Level Sweep (SLS)with the second EDMG STA over the secondary channel by exchanging withthe second EDMG STA an SLS request and an SLS response over the primarychannel, the SLS request comprising channel information to identify thesecondary channel, the SLS response comprising an indication whether theSLS request is confirmed.

Example 66 includes the subject matter of Example 65, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame, a control trailer of thegrant frame comprising a channel number of the secondary channel, acontrol trailer of the grant Ack frame comprising the channel number ofthe secondary channel when the SLS request is confirmed.

Example 67 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 55-66, andoptionally, wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a2.16+2.16 GHz channel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 68 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitryconfigured to cause a first Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG)(EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to exchange a Sector LevelSweep (SLS) request and an SLS response with a second EDMG STA over afirst channel in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the SLSrequest comprising channel information to identify a second channel inthe frequency band above 45 Ghz, the SLS response comprising anindication whether the SLS request is confirmed; and when the SLSrequest is confirmed, perform an Initiator Sector Sweep (ISS) of the SLSwith the second EDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 69 includes the subject matter of Example 68, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame.

Example 70 includes the subject matter of Example 69, and optionally,wherein a control trailer of the grant frame comprises a channel numberof the second channel, and a control trailer of the grant Ack framecomprises the channel number of the second channel when the SLS requestis confirmed.

Example 71 includes the subject matter of Example 69 or 70, andoptionally, wherein the SLS request comprises a timeout value toindicate a timeout of the SLS request relative to a time indicated by aduration field of the grant frame.

Example 72 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 68-71, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of an initiator of the SLS, the initiator of theSLS to transmit the SLS request over the first channel, to receive theSLS response over the first channel, and to transmit during the ISS oneor more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames to the second EDMGSTA over the second channel.

Example 73 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 68-71, andoptionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of a responder of the SLS, the responder of theSLS to receive the SLS request over the first channel, to transmit theSLS response over the first channel, and to receive during the ISS oneor more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames from the secondEDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 74 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 68-73, andoptionally, wherein the first channel comprises a primary channel of anaggregated channel bandwidth and the second channel comprises asecondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

Example 75 includes the subject matter of Example 74, and optionally,wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a 2.16+2.16 GHzchannel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 76 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 68-75, andoptionally, comprising a radio.

Example 77 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 68-76, andoptionally, comprising one or more antennas.

Example 78 includes a system of wireless communication comprising afirst Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wirelesscommunication station (STA), the first EDMG STA comprising a radio; amemory; a processor; one or more antennas; and a controller configuredto cause the first EDMG STA to exchange a Sector Level Sweep (SLS)request and an SLS response with a second EDMG STA over a first channelin a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the SLS request comprisingchannel information to identify a second channel in the frequency bandabove 45 Ghz, the SLS response comprising an indication whether the SLSrequest is confirmed; and when the SLS request is confirmed, perform anInitiator Sector Sweep (ISS) of the SLS with the second EDMG STA overthe second channel.

Example 79 includes the subject matter of Example 78, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame.

Example 80 includes the subject matter of Example 79, and optionally,wherein a control trailer of the grant frame comprises a channel numberof the second channel, and a control trailer of the grant Ack framecomprises the channel number of the second channel when the SLS requestis confirmed.

Example 81 includes the subject matter of Example 79 or 80, andoptionally, wherein the SLS request comprises a timeout value toindicate a timeout of the SLS request relative to a time indicated by aduration field of the grant frame.

Example 82 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-81, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of an initiator of the SLS, the initiator of theSLS to transmit the SLS request over the first channel, to receive theSLS response over the first channel, and to transmit during the ISS oneor more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames to the second EDMGSTA over the second channel.

Example 83 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-81, andoptionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first EDMGSTA to perform a role of a responder of the SLS, the responder of theSLS to receive the SLS request over the first channel, to transmit theSLS response over the first channel, and to receive during the ISS oneor more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames from the secondEDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 84 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-83, andoptionally, wherein the first channel comprises a primary channel of anaggregated channel bandwidth and the second channel comprises asecondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

Example 85 includes the subject matter of Example 84, and optionally,wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a 2.16+2.16 GHzchannel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 86 includes a method to be performed at a first EnhancedDirectional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station(STA), the method comprising exchanging a Sector Level Sweep (SLS)request and an SLS response with a second EDMG STA over a first channelin a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the SLS request comprisingchannel information to identify a second channel in the frequency bandabove 45 Ghz, the SLS response comprising an indication whether the SLSrequest is confirmed; and when the SLS request is confirmed, performingan Initiator Sector Sweep (ISS) of the SLS with the second EDMG STA overthe second channel.

Example 87 includes the subject matter of Example 86, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame.

Example 88 includes the subject matter of Example 87, and optionally,wherein a control trailer of the grant frame comprises a channel numberof the second channel, and a control trailer of the grant Ack framecomprises the channel number of the second channel when the SLS requestis confirmed.

Example 89 includes the subject matter of Example 87 or 88, andoptionally, wherein the SLS request comprises a timeout value toindicate a timeout of the SLS request relative to a time indicated by aduration field of the grant frame.

Example 90 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 86-89, andoptionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a role ofan initiator of the SLS, the initiator of the SLS to transmit the SLSrequest over the first channel, to receive the SLS response over thefirst channel, and to transmit during the ISS one or more Sector Sweep(SSW) frames or short-SSW frames to the second EDMG STA over the secondchannel.

Example 91 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 86-89, andoptionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a role of aresponder of the SLS, the responder of the SLS to receive the SLSrequest over the first channel, to transmit the SLS response over thefirst channel, and to receive during the ISS one or more Sector Sweep(SSW) frames or short-SSW frames from the second EDMG STA over thesecond channel.

Example 92 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 86-91, andoptionally, wherein the first channel comprises a primary channel of anaggregated channel bandwidth and the second channel comprises asecondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

Example 93 includes the subject matter of Example 92, and optionally,wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a 2.16+2.16 GHzchannel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 94 includes a product comprising one or more tangiblecomputer-readable non-transitory storage media comprisingcomputer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at leastone processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA) to exchange a Sector Level Sweep (SLS) request and an SLSresponse with a second EDMG STA over a first channel in a frequency bandabove 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the SLS request comprising channel informationto identify a second channel in the frequency band above 45 Ghz, the SLSresponse comprising an indication whether the SLS request is confirmed;and when the SLS request is confirmed, perform an Initiator Sector Sweep(ISS) of the SLS with the second EDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 95 includes the subject matter of Example 94, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame.

Example 96 includes the subject matter of Example 95, and optionally,wherein a control trailer of the grant frame comprises a channel numberof the second channel, and a control trailer of the grant Ack framecomprises the channel number of the second channel when the SLS requestis confirmed.

Example 97 includes the subject matter of Example 95 or 96, andoptionally, wherein the SLS request comprises a timeout value toindicate a timeout of the SLS request relative to a time indicated by aduration field of the grant frame.

Example 98 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 94-97, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of an initiator of the SLS, the initiator ofthe SLS to transmit the SLS request over the first channel, to receivethe SLS response over the first channel, and to transmit during the ISSone or more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames to the secondEDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 99 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 94-97, andoptionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of a responder of the SLS, the responder ofthe SLS to receive the SLS request over the first channel, to transmitthe SLS response over the first channel, and to receive during the ISSone or more Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames from thesecond EDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 100 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 94-99,and optionally, wherein the first channel comprises a primary channel ofan aggregated channel bandwidth and the second channel comprises asecondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

Example 101 includes the subject matter of Example 100, and optionally,wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a 2.16+2.16 GHzchannel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 102 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA), the apparatus comprising means for exchanging a SectorLevel Sweep (SLS) request and an SLS response with a second EDMG STAover a first channel in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), theSLS request comprising channel information to identify a second channelin the frequency band above 45 Ghz, the SLS response comprising anindication whether the SLS request is confirmed; and means for, when theSLS request is confirmed, performing an Initiator Sector Sweep (ISS) ofthe SLS with the second EDMG STA over the second channel.

Example 103 includes the subject matter of Example 102, and optionally,wherein the SLS request comprises a grant frame and the SLS responsecomprises a grant Acknowledgement (Ack) frame.

Example 104 includes the subject matter of Example 103, and optionally,wherein a control trailer of the grant frame comprises a channel numberof the second channel, and a control trailer of the grant Ack framecomprises the channel number of the second channel when the SLS requestis confirmed.

Example 105 includes the subject matter of Example 103 or 104, andoptionally, wherein the SLS request comprises a timeout value toindicate a timeout of the SLS request relative to a time indicated by aduration field of the grant frame.

Example 106 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 102-105,and optionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA toperform a role of an initiator of the SLS, the initiator of the SLS totransmit the SLS request over the first channel, to receive the SLSresponse over the first channel, and to transmit during the ISS one ormore Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames to the second EDMGSTA over the second channel.

Example 107 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 102-105,and optionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA toperform a role of a responder of the SLS, the responder of the SLS toreceive the SLS request over the first channel, to transmit the SLSresponse over the first channel, and to receive during the ISS one ormore Sector Sweep (SSW) frames or short-SSW frames from the second EDMGSTA over the second channel.

Example 108 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 102-107,and optionally, wherein the first channel comprises a primary channel ofan aggregated channel bandwidth and the second channel comprises asecondary channel of the aggregated channel bandwidth.

Example 109 includes the subject matter of Example 108, and optionally,wherein the aggregated channel bandwidth comprises a 2.16+2.16 GHzchannel bandwidth or a 4.32+4.32 GHz channel bandwidth.

Example 110 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitryconfigured to cause a first Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG)(EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to communicate with a secondEDMG STA a packet from a beam tracking initiator to a beam trackingresponder, the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder comprising a request for receive beam tracking;communicate with the second EDMG STA an EDMG Beam Refinement Protocol(BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket from the beam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator;and communicate with the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder, the beam tracking feedback comprising transmittracking measurements performed by the beam tracking initiator on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder.

Example 111 includes the subject matter of Example 110, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises an EDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG Training(TRN) length” field having a value equal to a number of requestedTRN-Units, which is greater than zero, and wherein an EDMG Header Afield of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an “RX TRN Units per eachTX TRN-Unit” field having a value equal to the value of the EDMG TRNlength field.

Example 112 includes the subject matter of Example 111, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises a non-EDMG header (L-header) comprising a “packettype” field equal to “0” and a “beam tracking request field” equal to“0”, wherein the EDMG Header A field of the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder comprises an “EDMGbeam tracking request” field equal to “1”, and wherein an “RX TRN-Unitsper each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG Header A field of the EDMGBRP-RX packet is equal to “0”.

Example 113 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 110-112,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 114 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 110-113,and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder to the second EDMG STA, to receive the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the second EDMG STA, and to transmit the beam tracking feedback tothe second EDMG STA.

Example 115 includes the subject matter of Example 114, and optionally,wherein the apparatus is configured to allow the first EDMG STA toperform receive beam tracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 116 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 110-113,and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder from the second EDMG STA, to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket to the second EDMG STA, and to receive the beam tracking feedbackfrom the second EDMG STA.

Example 117 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 110-116,and optionally, comprising a radio.

Example 118 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 110-117,and optionally, comprising one or more antennas.

Example 119 includes a system of wireless communication comprising afirst Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wirelesscommunication station (STA), the first EDMG STA comprising a radio; amemory; a processor; one or more antennas; and a controller configuredto cause the first EDMG STA to communicate with a second EDMG STA apacket from a beam tracking initiator to a beam tracking responder, thepacket from the beam tracking initiator to the beam tracking respondercomprising a request for receive beam tracking; communicate with thesecond EDMG STA an EDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive(RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet fromthe beam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator; andcommunicate with the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, the beamtracking feedback from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder, the beam tracking feedback comprising transmit trackingmeasurements performed by the beam tracking initiator on the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder.

Example 120 includes the subject matter of Example 119, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises an EDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG Training(TRN) length” field having a value equal to a number of requestedTRN-Units, which is greater than zero, and wherein an EDMG Header Afield of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an “RX TRN Units per eachTX TRN-Unit” field having a value equal to the value of the EDMG TRNlength field.

Example 121 includes the subject matter of Example 120, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises a non-EDMG header (L-header) comprising a “packettype” field equal to “0” and a “beam tracking request field” equal to“0”, wherein the EDMG Header A field of the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder comprises an “EDMGbeam tracking request” field equal to “1”, and wherein an “RX TRN-Unitsper each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG Header A field of the EDMGBRP-RX packet is equal to “0”.

Example 122 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-121,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 123 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-122,and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder to the second EDMG STA, to receive the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the second EDMG STA, and to transmit the beam tracking feedback tothe second EDMG STA.

Example 124 includes the subject matter of Example 123, and optionally,wherein the controller is configured to allow the first EDMG STA toperform receive beam tracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 125 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-122,and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder from the second EDMG STA, to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket to the second EDMG STA, and to receive the beam tracking feedbackfrom the second EDMG STA.

Example 126 includes a method to be performed at a first EnhancedDirectional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station(STA), the method comprising communicating with a second EDMG STA apacket from a beam tracking initiator to a beam tracking responder, thepacket from the beam tracking initiator to the beam tracking respondercomprising a request for receive beam tracking; communicating with thesecond EDMG STA an EDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive(RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet fromthe beam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator; andcommunicating with the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder, the beam tracking feedback comprising transmittracking measurements performed by the beam tracking initiator on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder.

Example 127 includes the subject matter of Example 126, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises an EDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG Training(TRN) length” field having a value equal to a number of requestedTRN-Units, which is greater than zero, and wherein an EDMG Header Afield of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an “RX TRN Units per eachTX TRN-Unit” field having a value equal to the value of the EDMG TRNlength field.

Example 128 includes the subject matter of Example 127, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises a non-EDMG header (L-header) comprising a “packettype” field equal to “0” and a “beam tracking request field” equal to“0”, wherein the EDMG Header A field of the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder comprises an “EDMGbeam tracking request” field equal to “1”, and wherein an “RX TRN-Unitsper each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG Header A field of the EDMGBRP-RX packet is equal to “0”.

Example 129 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 126-128,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 130 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 126-129,and optionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a roleof the beam tracking initiator, to transmit the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder to the second EDMGSTA, to receive the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the second EDMG STA, andto transmit the beam tracking feedback to the second EDMG STA.

Example 131 includes the subject matter of Example 130, and optionally,comprising allowing the first EDMG STA to perform receive beam trackingmeasurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 132 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 126-129,and optionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a roleof the beam tracking responder, to receive the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder from the second EDMGSTA, to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the second EDMG STA, andto receive the beam tracking feedback from the second EDMG STA.

Example 133 includes a product comprising one or more tangiblecomputer-readable non-transitory storage media comprisingcomputer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at leastone processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA) to communicate with a second EDMG STA a packet from a beamtracking initiator to a beam tracking responder, the packet from thebeam tracking initiator to the beam tracking responder comprising arequest for receive beam tracking; communicate with the second EDMG STAan EDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX)(BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam trackingresponder to the beam tracking initiator; and communicate with thesecond EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, the beam tracking feedbackfrom the beam tracking initiator to the beam tracking responder, thebeam tracking feedback comprising transmit tracking measurementsperformed by the beam tracking initiator on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the beam tracking responder.

Example 134 includes the subject matter of Example 133, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises an EDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG Training(TRN) length” field having a value equal to a number of requestedTRN-Units, which is greater than zero, and wherein an EDMG Header Afield of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an “RX TRN Units per eachTX TRN-Unit” field having a value equal to the value of the EDMG TRNlength field.

Example 135 includes the subject matter of Example 134, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises a non-EDMG header (L-header) comprising a “packettype” field equal to “0” and a “beam tracking request field” equal to“0”, wherein the EDMG Header A field of the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder comprises an “EDMGbeam tracking request” field equal to “1”, and wherein an “RX TRN-Unitsper each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG Header A field of the EDMGBRP-RX packet is equal to “0”.

Example 136 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 133-135,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 137 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 133-136,and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder to the second EDMG STA, to receive the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the second EDMG STA, and to transmit the beam tracking feedback tothe second EDMG STA.

Example 138 includes the subject matter of Example 137, and optionally,wherein the instructions, when executed, allow the first EDMG STA toperform receive beam tracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 139 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 133-136,and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder from the second EDMG STA, to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket to the second EDMG STA, and to receive the beam tracking feedbackfrom the second EDMG STA.

Example 140 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA), the apparatus comprising means for communicating with asecond EDMG STA a packet from a beam tracking initiator to a beamtracking responder, the packet from the beam tracking initiator to thebeam tracking responder comprising a request for receive beam tracking;means for communicating with the second EDMG STA an EDMG Beam RefinementProtocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder to the beam trackinginitiator; and means for communicating with the second EDMG STA a beamtracking feedback, the beam tracking feedback from the beam trackinginitiator to the beam tracking responder, the beam tracking feedbackcomprising transmit tracking measurements performed by the beam trackinginitiator on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking responder.

Example 141 includes the subject matter of Example 140, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises an EDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG Training(TRN) length” field having a value equal to a number of requestedTRN-Units, which is greater than zero, and wherein an EDMG Header Afield of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an “RX TRN Units per eachTX TRN-Unit” field having a value equal to the value of the EDMG TRNlength field.

Example 142 includes the subject matter of Example 141, and optionally,wherein the packet from the beam tracking initiator to the beam trackingresponder comprises a non-EDMG header (L-header) comprising a “packettype” field equal to “0” and a “beam tracking request field” equal to“0”, wherein the EDMG Header A field of the packet from the beamtracking initiator to the beam tracking responder comprises an “EDMGbeam tracking request” field equal to “1”, and wherein an “RX TRN-Unitsper each TX TRN-Unit” field in the EDMG Header A field of the EDMGBRP-RX packet is equal to “0”.

Example 143 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 140-142,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 144 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 140-143,and optionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA toperform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmit the packetfrom the beam tracking initiator to the beam tracking responder to thesecond EDMG STA, to receive the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the secondEDMG STA, and to transmit the beam tracking feedback to the second EDMGSTA.

Example 145 includes the subject matter of Example 144, and optionally,comprising means for allowing the first EDMG STA to perform receive beamtracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 146 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 140-143,and optionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA toperform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receive the packetfrom the beam tracking initiator to the beam tracking responder from thesecond EDMG STA, to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the secondEDMG STA, and to receive the beam tracking feedback from the second EDMGSTA.

Example 147 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitryconfigured to cause a first Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG)(EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to communicate with a secondEDMG STA an EDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit(TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from a beam trackinginitiator to a beam tracking responder, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetcomprising a request for transmit beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket configured to allow the beam tracking responder to performreceive beam tracking on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet; and communicate withthe second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, the beam tracking feedbackfrom the beam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator, thebeam tracking feedback comprising transmit tracking measurementsperformed by the beam tracking responder on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the beam tracking initiator.

Example 148 includes the subject matter of Example 147, and optionally,wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an unsolicited packet, whichis unsolicited by a prior request from the beam tracking responder forreceive beam tracking.

Example 149 includes the subject matter of Example 147 or 148, andoptionally, wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises a non-EDMGheader (L-header) comprising a “packet type” field equal to “0”, and anEDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG beam tracking request” fieldequal to “1”, an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a greaterthan zero, and an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue greater than zero.

Example 150 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 147-149,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 151 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 147-150,and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the second EDMG STA, and to receive thebeam tracking feedback from the second EDMG STA.

Example 152 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 147-150,and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the second EDMG STA, and to transmit thebeam tracking feedback to the second EDMG STA.

Example 153 includes the subject matter of Example 152, and optionally,wherein the apparatus is configured to allow the first EDMG STA toperform receive beam tracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 154 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 147-153,and optionally, comprising a radio.

Example 155 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 147-154,and optionally, comprising one or more antennas.

Example 156 includes a system of wireless communication comprising afirst Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wirelesscommunication station (STA), the first EDMG STA comprising a radio; amemory; a processor; one or more antennas; and a controller configuredto cause the first EDMG STA to communicate with a second EDMG STA anEDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX)(BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from a beam trackinginitiator to a beam tracking responder, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetcomprising a request for transmit beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket configured to allow the beam tracking responder to performreceive beam tracking on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet; and communicate withthe second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, the beam tracking feedbackfrom the beam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator, thebeam tracking feedback comprising transmit tracking measurementsperformed by the beam tracking responder on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the beam tracking initiator.

Example 157 includes the subject matter of Example 156, and optionally,wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an unsolicited packet, whichis unsolicited by a prior request from the beam tracking responder forreceive beam tracking.

Example 158 includes the subject matter of Example 156 or 157, andoptionally, wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises a non-EDMGheader (L-header) comprising a “packet type” field equal to “0”, and anEDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG beam tracking request” fieldequal to “1”, an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a greaterthan zero, and an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue greater than zero.

Example 159 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 156-158,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 160 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 156-159,and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the second EDMG STA, and to receive thebeam tracking feedback from the second EDMG STA.

Example 161 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 156-159,and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the second EDMG STA, and to transmit thebeam tracking feedback to the second EDMG STA.

Example 162 includes the subject matter of Example 161, and optionally,wherein the controller is configured to allow the first EDMG STA toperform receive beam tracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 163 includes a method to be performed at a first EnhancedDirectional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station(STA), the method comprising communicating with a second EDMG STA anEDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX)(BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from a beam trackinginitiator to a beam tracking responder, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetcomprising a request for transmit beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket configured to allow the beam tracking responder to performreceive beam tracking on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet; and communicatingwith the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, the beam trackingfeedback from the beam tracking responder to the beam trackinginitiator, the beam tracking feedback comprising transmit trackingmeasurements performed by the beam tracking responder on the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking initiator.

Example 164 includes the subject matter of Example 163, and optionally,wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an unsolicited packet, whichis unsolicited by a prior request from the beam tracking responder forreceive beam tracking.

Example 165 includes the subject matter of Example 163 or 164, andoptionally, wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises a non-EDMGheader (L-header) comprising a “packet type” field equal to “0”, and anEDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG beam tracking request” fieldequal to “1”, an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a greaterthan zero, and an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue greater than zero.

Example 166 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 163-165,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 167 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 163-166,and optionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a roleof the beam tracking initiator, to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet tothe second EDMG STA, and to receive the beam tracking feedback from thesecond EDMG STA.

Example 168 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 163-166,and optionally, comprising causing the first EDMG STA to perform a roleof the beam tracking responder, to receive the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packetfrom the second EDMG STA, and to transmit the beam tracking feedback tothe second EDMG STA.

Example 169 includes the subject matter of Example 168, and optionally,comprising allowing the first EDMG STA to perform receive beam trackingmeasurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 170 includes a product comprising one or more tangiblecomputer-readable non-transitory storage media comprisingcomputer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at leastone processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA) to communicate with a second EDMG STA an EDMG BeamRefinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet,the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from a beam tracking initiator to a beamtracking responder, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprising a request fortransmit beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet configured to allowthe beam tracking responder to perform receive beam tracking on the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet; and communicate with the second EDMG STA a beamtracking feedback, the beam tracking feedback from the beam trackingresponder to the beam tracking initiator, the beam tracking feedbackcomprising transmit tracking measurements performed by the beam trackingresponder on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking initiator.

Example 171 includes the subject matter of Example 170, and optionally,wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an unsolicited packet, whichis unsolicited by a prior request from the beam tracking responder forreceive beam tracking.

Example 172 includes the subject matter of Example 170 or 171, andoptionally, wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises a non-EDMGheader (L-header) comprising a “packet type” field equal to “0”, and anEDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG beam tracking request” fieldequal to “1”, an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a greaterthan zero, and an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue greater than zero.

Example 173 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 170-172,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 174 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 170-173,and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmitthe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet to the second EDMG STA, and to receive thebeam tracking feedback from the second EDMG STA.

Example 175 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 170-173,and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the firstEDMG STA to perform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receivethe EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the second EDMG STA, and to transmit thebeam tracking feedback to the second EDMG STA.

Example 176 includes the subject matter of Example 175, and optionally,wherein the instructions, when executed, allow the first EDMG STA toperform receive beam tracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Example 177 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by a firstEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communicationstation (STA), the apparatus comprising means for communicating with asecond EDMG STA an EDMG Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive(RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from abeam tracking initiator to a beam tracking responder, the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket comprising a request for transmit beam tracking, the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet configured to allow the beam tracking responder toperform receive beam tracking on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet; and meansfor communicating with the second EDMG STA a beam tracking feedback, thebeam tracking feedback from the beam tracking responder to the beamtracking initiator, the beam tracking feedback comprising transmittracking measurements performed by the beam tracking responder on theEDMG BRP-RX/TX packet from the beam tracking initiator.

Example 178 includes the subject matter of Example 177, and optionally,wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises an unsolicited packet, whichis unsolicited by a prior request from the beam tracking responder forreceive beam tracking.

Example 179 includes the subject matter of Example 177 or 178, andoptionally, wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises a non-EDMGheader (L-header) comprising a “packet type” field equal to “0”, and anEDMG Header A field comprising an “EDMG beam tracking request” fieldequal to “1”, an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a greaterthan zero, and an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue greater than zero.

Example 180 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 177-179,and optionally, wherein a packet comprising the beam tracking feedbackcomprises a feedback type field having a same value of a feedback typefield in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking initiator to the beamtracking responder with a TX-TRN Request (TX-TRN-REQ) field equal to“1”.

Example 181 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 177-180,and optionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA toperform a role of the beam tracking initiator, to transmit the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet to the second EDMG STA, and to receive the beamtracking feedback from the second EDMG STA.

Example 182 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 177-180,and optionally, comprising means for causing the first EDMG STA toperform a role of the beam tracking responder, to receive the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet from the second EDMG STA, and to transmit the beamtracking feedback to the second EDMG STA.

Example 183 includes the subject matter of Example 182, and optionally,comprising means for allowing the first EDMG STA to perform receive beamtracking measurements on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.

Functions, operations, components and/or features described herein withreference to one or more embodiments, may be combined with, or may beutilized in combination with, one or more other functions, operations,components and/or features described herein with reference to one ormore other embodiments, or vice versa.

While certain features have been illustrated and described herein, manymodifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur tothose skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that theappended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changesas fall within the true spirit of the disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus comprising: a processor comprisinglogic and circuitry configured to cause a beam tracking responder to:process a first packet from a beam tracking initiator, the first packetfrom the beam tracking initiator comprising a request for receive beamtracking; transmit an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG)Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX)packet to the beam tracking initiator in response to the request forreceive beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet configured forsimultaneous receive and transmit training; and process a second packetfrom the beam tracking initiator, the second packet from the beamtracking initiator comprising feedback from the beam tracking initiatorbased on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet; and a memory to store informationprocessed by the processor.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thefirst packet from the beam tracking initiator comprises an EDMG Header Acomprising an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a value equal toa number of requested TRN-Units, which is greater than zero.
 3. Theapparatus of claim 2, wherein an EDMG Header A of the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket comprises an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue equal to the value of the EDMG TRN length field in the firstpacket from the beam tracking initiator.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the second packet from the beam tracking initiator comprises afeedback type, which is the same as a feedback type in a last BRP framefrom the beam tracking responder to the beam tracking initiator with aTx Training (TRN) Request (Tx-TRN-REQ) equal to
 1. 5. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the second packet from the beam tracking initiatorcomprises a feedback type (FBCK-Type) field with all subfields equal to“0”, and a field comprising an Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) feedbackIdentifier (ID) corresponding to Training (TRN) subfields received witha best quality.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first packetfrom the beam tracking initiator comprises a non-EDMG Header (L-Header)comprising a packet type field equal to “0”, and an EDMG Header Acomprising an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a value of anumber of requested TRN units.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a“beam tracking request” field of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet comprises avalue of “0”.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the feedback from thebeam tracking initiator is based on transmit training measurements onone or more Training (TRN) fields of the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.
 9. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet is configuredfor use by the beam tracking initiator for the receive training.
 10. Theapparatus of claim 1 comprising a radio, the processor configured tocause the radio to transmit the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.
 11. The apparatusof claim 10 comprising one or more antennas connected to the radio, andanother processor to execute instructions of an operating system.
 12. Aproduct comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitorystorage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to,when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least oneprocessor to cause a beam tracking responder to: process a first packetfrom a beam tracking initiator, the first packet from the beam trackinginitiator comprising a request for receive beam tracking; transmit anEnhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) Beam Refinement Protocol(BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX) (BRP-RX/TX) packet to the beam trackinginitiator in response to the request for receive beam tracking, the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet configured for simultaneous receive and transmittraining; and process a second packet from the beam tracking initiator,the second packet from the beam tracking initiator comprising feedbackfrom the beam tracking initiator based on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet. 13.The product of claim 12, wherein the first packet from the beam trackinginitiator comprises an EDMG Header A comprising an “EDMG Training (TRN)length” field having a value equal to a number of requested TRN-Units,which is greater than zero.
 14. An apparatus comprising: a processorcomprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a beam trackinginitiator to: transmit a first packet to a beam tracking responder, thefirst packet to the beam tracking responder comprising a request forreceive beam tracking; process an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit(DMG) (EDMG) Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX)(BRP-RX/TX) packet from the beam tracking responder in response to therequest for receive beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet configuredfor simultaneous receive and transmit training; and transmit a secondpacket to the beam tracking responder, the second packet to the beamtracking responder comprising feedback from the beam tracking initiatorbased on the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet; and a memory to store informationprocessed by the processor.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein thefirst packet to the beam tracking responder comprises an EDMG Header Acomprising an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” field having a value equal toa number of requested TRN-Units, which is greater than zero.
 16. Theapparatus of claim 15, wherein an EDMG Header A of the EDMG BRP-RX/TXpacket comprises an “RX TRN Units per each TX TRN-Unit” field having avalue equal to the value of the EDMG TRN length field in the firstpacket to the beam tracking responder.
 17. The apparatus of claim 14configured to cause the beam tracking initiator to set in the secondpacket a feedback type, which is the same as a feedback type in a lastBRP frame from the beam tracking responder to the beam trackinginitiator with a Tx Training (TRN) Request (Tx-TRN-REQ) equal to
 1. 18.The apparatus of claim 14 configured to cause the beam trackinginitiator to, when a BRP frame with a Tx Training (TRN) Request(Tx-TRN-REQ) equal to 1 is not received from the beam trackingresponder, set in the second packet: a feedback type (FBCK-Type) fieldwith all subfields equal to “0”, and a field comprising an AntennaWeight Vector (AWV) feedback Identifier (ID) corresponding to TRNsubfields received with a best quality.
 19. The apparatus of claim 14,wherein the first packet to the beam tracking responder comprises anon-EDMG Header (L-Header) comprising a packet type field equal to “0”,and an EDMG Header A comprising an “EDMG Training (TRN) length” fieldhaving a value of a number of requested TRN units.
 20. The apparatus ofclaim 14, wherein the feedback from the beam tracking initiator is basedon transmit training measurements on one or more Training (TRN) fieldsof the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet.
 21. The apparatus of claim 14 configuredto cause beam tracking initiator to use the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet forthe receive training.
 22. The apparatus of claim 14 comprising a radio,the processor configured to cause the radio to transmit the first andsecond packets to the beam tracking responder.
 23. The apparatus ofclaim 22 comprising one or more antennas connected to the radio, andanother processor to execute instructions of an operating system.
 24. Anapparatus comprising: means for causing a beam tracking initiator totransmit a first packet to a beam tracking responder, the first packetto the beam tracking responder comprising a request for receive beamtracking; means for processing an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit(DMG) (EDMG) Beam Refinement Protocol (BRP) Receive (RX)/Transmit (TX)(BRP-RX/TX) packet from the beam tracking responder in response to therequest for receive beam tracking, the EDMG BRP-RX/TX packet configuredfor simultaneous receive and transmit training; and means for causingthe beam tracking initiator to transmit a second packet to the beamtracking responder, the second packet to the beam tracking respondercomprising feedback from the beam tracking initiator based on the EDMGBRP-RX/TX packet.
 25. The apparatus of claim 24 comprising means forsetting in the second packet a feedback type, which is the same as afeedback type in a last BRP frame from the beam tracking responder tothe beam tracking initiator with a Tx Training (TRN) Request(Tx-TRN-REQ) equal to 1.